A tree，for example，keeping its leaves too long during one year will never make this mistake again. This leads to several other conclusions：trees must notice the temperature and the length of the day and be able to save their experiences somewhere. Obviously，trees don't have brains，but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.
But trees aren't only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever there's trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients. For example，one time the author found a very old tree stump. Its insides had rotted a long time ago to topsoil. But the wood on the outside of the stump was still living. How was this possible？Well，the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years!
Why do trees do such a thing？It's simple: it's better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助；研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。
5．Why does the author mention the three oak trees? A．To illustrate trees can learn from experiences. B．To show trees can make independent decisions. C．To explain trees are quite supportive to each other. D．To prove trees have the same personalities as humans.
B [推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others”可知，三棵橡树中，有一棵总比其他两棵先落叶；结合第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions，they also learn from their mistakes”可知，树木能自己做决定；据此可推知，作者提及三棵橡树旨在说明树木可以自己做决定，故B项正确。]
6．According to the text，which of the following best describes general features of trees?
A．Anxious and bold. B．Smart and adventurous. C．Helpful and well-behaved. D．Adaptable and supportive.
D [推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions，they also learn from their mistakes”，并结合第三段内容可知，树木不仅能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训；据此可推知，树木适应能力强；根据第四段第一、二句“But trees aren't only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever there's trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients”可知，树木不仅善于照顾自己，当遇到困难时，它们会发出警告，相互支持，甚至照顾生病、虚弱的同类；据此可推知，树木之间互帮互助，故D项正确。]
7．What does the underlined phrase“do such a thing”mean? A．Give warnings. B．Offer assistance. C．Depend on others. D．Provide nutrients.
B [词义猜测题。根据第四段尾句“Well，the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system，and had been for at least 400 years！”可知，树桩是由它的邻居从根处给予营养来滋养的；结合第五段第一句“Why do trees do such a thing？”和第五段的内容可知，该处表示“为什么树木要互相帮助？”，故画线短语是指提供帮助，故B项正确。]
8．Where does this text most probably come from? A．A public lecture.
B．A science book. C．An experiment report. D．A travel journal.
B [文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助；研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训；据此可推知，本文最可能选自科学书籍，故B项正确。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·贵阳市普通高中第一学期监测)Sleeping well is important to your physical and mental health. However, you might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep. Here are some habits you can adopt to encourage better sleep.
Stick to a sleep schedule. 1 . The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don't need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal.
Pay attention to what you eat. Don't go to bed hungry or full. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. 2 ．
3 . Create a room that's ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. 4 . Avoid long use of screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep.
Include physical activity in your daily routine. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. 5 . Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
A．Work out a good plan B．Stick to a balanced diet C．Create a restful environment D．Your discomfort might keep you up E．Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep F．Avoid being active too close to bedtime, however
G．Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了保证良好睡眠的几个好习惯。 1．E [根据下文“The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours”可推知，此处表示所需要的睡眠时间，与选项E呼应，故选E项。]
2．D [根据上文可知，要避免睡前吃得过饱或饿着肚子，或是睡前几个小时吃油腻的食物或大餐，这会让人不舒服，自然就睡不好了，与选项D呼应，故选D项。]
3．C [根据空处所在位置可知，空处为主题句；根据该段内容可知，该段介绍了营造舒适的睡眠环境的重要性，故选C项。]
4．G [根据空前一句“Often, this means cool, dark and quiet”可推知，在灯亮着的情况下是不利于睡眠的，故选G项。]
5．F [与上文“Regular physical activity can promote better sleep”形成呼应可推知，此处表示睡前太活跃反而不利于睡眠，故选F项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·长春市质量监测一)It used to be common to see US teenagers busy at fast-food restaurants cooking burgers and 1.________(clean) tables, especially during the summer vacation. 2.________， the scene is becoming less common.
Instead of finding summer jobs, many US teenagers are spending 3.________(they) free time taking classes. According to The Atlantic, this change partly results 4.________the low teen earnings paying little toward the costs of college. For many students who are going to attend college, the money from summer jobs doesn't live up to their 5.________(expect) at all. Meanwhile, US teenagers' increasing interest in education 6.________(account) for this as well. They go to summer school to learn 7.________they might not have time for after they leave school, which 8.________(consider) as a wise choice.
Despite this, a summer job is still believed to benefit teenagers. Early work experience is 9.________human activity that develops people's social skills. When
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