Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of microalgae for biofuel production(5)

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Table5

FTIRfunctionalgroupsofthebio-oil.Frequencyrange(cmÀ1)3600–32003100–30103000–28002300–20001775–16501680–15751550–14901470–13251300–950

Groups

OAHstretchingNAHstretchingCAHstretchingCAHstretchingC NstretchingC@OstretchingC@CstretchingNAHbendingC@CstretchingCAHbendingCAOstretchingOAHbending

Z.Duetal./BioresourceTechnology102(2011)4890–4896

Classofcompounds

Phenols,AlcoholsAminesAromaticsAlkanesNitriles

Carboxylicacids,esters,ketonesAlkenesAmidesAromaticsAlkanes

Alcohols,phenols,esters

forlignocellulosicmaterial(Mullenetal.,2010;Hassanetal.,2009).Thelowermolecularweightandhigherhomogeneitymightresultfromthefactthatmicroalgaecontainnolignin,whichisthemajorsourceofphenolicoligomericspeciesinbio-oilfromligno-cellulosicbiomass.Thosepyrolyticligninmacromoleculars,whichconstitute25–30%ofthewholebio-oil,havemolecularweightrangefromseveralhundredtoashighas5000orhigher(Mohanetal.,2006).

FunctionalgroupcompositionalanalysiswascarriedoutusingFTIRspectrometry.Thefunctionalgroupsidenti edfromFTIRspectraareshowninTable5.AccordingtotheinterpretationofthemainbandsbySocrates(1994),FTIRfunctionalgroupsindi-catedthepresenceofalkanes,aromaticcompounds,nitriles,amides,phenol,andetc.Theseresultsarecomplementaryto

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