一般疑问句中几个情态动词的问与答(3)

一般疑问句中几个情态动词的问与答

六、虚拟语气在if引导的条件句的用法

1)与现在事实相反的结构：

2）与过去事实相反的结构：

3）与将来事实相反的结构：

**当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如：

If you had worked hard, you would be very tired.

(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在.)

5以上句型可以转换成下列形式:

**省略if,用“were, have, should +主语”. 例如:

Were I in school again, I would work harder.

Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.

Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.

**用介词短语代替条件状语从句：but for\without.例如:

Without air, there would be on living things.

But for your help, I couldn’t have done it.

七、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法

1.“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜 ”. “ 就好了”, “悔不该 ”, “但愿 ”等.

表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could) +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望时用“had +过去分词”或“(could)would +have +过去分词”.例如:

I wish it were spring all the year round.

I wish you could go with us.

We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

2.虚拟语气在动词一个坚持（insist）；两个命令（order，demand）;三个建议(advise,suggest,propose);四项要求（demand,require,request,ask）,等后面的宾语从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:

We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.

We insisted that they (should) go with us.

The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.

He demanded that we (should) start right away.

**注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作 “坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:

Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.

又如suggest

3.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句

作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”.例如: We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.

My idea is that we (should) exercises first．

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