课时跟踪练12 Unit 2 Healthy eating
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world.Who doesn't long for a favourite Chinese dish? But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East—the ancient custom of “tonic food”．
Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one's well-being or avoid sickness.For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil(芝麻油)hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth.It was believed that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body.Some foods, such as goat meat and spinach, are seen as “hot”， while others, such as Chinese cabbage and radishes, are seen as “cold”．One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food.However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual's health.
The custom of employing tonic food for a healthier life also influences the catering industry.Chinese herbal medicines, such as wolfberry(枸杞), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish.These herbs attract customers, such as over-worked office staff, in need of a modest pick-me-up.
So, whether yon need to boost your strength with a large helping of chicken soup, or increase your mental powers with a serving of fish soup, you may find that this ancient Chinese custom could be just the tonic you were looking for.
1．What is the present situation of tonic food? A．It is catching less attention. B．It is enjoyed by many young people. C．It is well-known worldwide.
D．It is becoming increasingly popular.
2．Which of the following best explains “catering” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A．Medicine.
B．Restaurant.
C．Education. D．Fashion.
3．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Charm of Chinese Cuisine B．The Popularity of Tonic Food
C．An Introduction of Chinese Tonic Food D．Differences Between Hot Food and Cold Food
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了中国的传统滋补品的现状、功效以及滋补品对餐饮业的影响。 1．解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West，and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East－the ancient custom of ‘tonic food’．”可知，滋补品的概念西方人几乎闻所未闻，也逐渐被东方的年轻人忽视。也就是说，滋补品目前越来越不受关注了，故选A项。
答案：A
2．解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Chinese herbal medicines，such as wolfberry，can be found on many a restaurant menu...”可知，中国的草本药品如枸杞，在很多餐馆的菜单上都有出现，由此推断，catering应和餐饮业相关，故选B项。
答案：B
3．解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国的传统滋补品的现状、功效和其对餐饮行业的影响，故选C项。
答案：C
B
A freshly baked roll is as delightful as a soft, light cloud on a summer's day.What gives bread much of its appealing texture is gluten (麸筋), a group of proteins found in wheat.But in people with celiac disease (乳糜泻), gluten damages the small intestine (肠)．Many others may have milder gluten intolerance and avoid foods that contain it.
Most gluten-free bread is made from alternative flour such as rice or potato, so it tastes and feels different from wheat bread.Now, however, researchers say that they have found a way to genetically engineer wheat that contains far less of the
most troublesome type of gluten—but still has other proteins that give bread its characteristic taste and springiness.
Genetically modified crops are the subject of fierce debate around the world.The biggest concern involves the practice of inserting DNA from one species into another, says Francisco Barro, a plant biotechnologist.To avoid this genetic crossover, Barro and his colleagues used the gene-editing technique CRISPR/Cas9 to cut selected genes from a wheat genome (基因组)．
Their study zeroed in on alpha-gliadins (α-麦醇溶蛋白), gluten proteins are believed to be wheat's major troublemakers in the immune system.The researchers designed bits of genetic material that directed the scissor-like Cas9 protein to cut out 35 of the 45 alpha-gliadin genes.When the modified wheat was tested in a Petri dish, it produced 85 percent weaker immune response, the team reported online last September in Plant Biotechnology Journal.
Wendy Harwood, a crop geneticist at the John Innes Centre in England, who was not part of the study, notes that the engineered wheat has a long way to go before it can be turned into anything marketable.“I don't think it's the end of the story，” she says.“This is just a really important step in maybe producing something that is going to be incredibly useful.”To develop a completely safe strain of wheat for celiac patients, the researchers may need to target more of the gluten genes.Barro says his team is working on that.
4．What's the text mainly about? A．Making gluten-free bread. B．Advantages of gluten-free wheat. C．Debate about genetically modified crops. D．Developing genetically engineered wheat. 5．Why is bread mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To advertise a new study.
B．To raise the topic to be written about. C．To provide some advice for the readers. D．To popularize some information about medicine. 6．What concerns people most according to Paragraph 3? A．Genetic crossover. B．Gene-editing technique. C．The practice of using DNA.
D．The subject of fierce debate.
7．What's Wendy Harwood's attitude toward engineered wheat? A．A little alarmed. B．Mildly surprised. C．Somewhat opposed. D．Cautiously optimistic.
【语篇解读】 为了研发一种对乳糜泻病人安全的小麦，科学家发现了一种方法去修改小麦的基因，采用基因编辑科技除去α-麦醇溶蛋白，但是在这种小麦面世之前还有很长的路要走。
4．解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一、二段可知，小麦当中的麸筋虽然使得烤面包卷松软可口，却对患有乳糜泻的病人来说有极大的危害，所以科学家们找到了一种方法，对含有给乳糜泻病人制造麻烦的麸筋的小麦进行基因结构改变，同时保留能让面包可口和保持弹性的其他蛋白质，即：研发转基因小麦。故选D项。
答案：D
5．解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“What gives bread much...that contain it.”可知，小麦当中的麸筋虽然使得烤面包卷松软可口，却对患有乳糜泻的病人有极大的危害，科学家为了解决这个问题，研发转基因小麦，因此第一段提到面包是为了引起讨论的话题。故选B项。
答案：B
6．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The biggest concern involves the practice of inserting DNA from one species into another...To avoid this genetic crossover...”可知，最让人担心的是基因交叉(genetic crossover)。故选A项。
答案：A
7．解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“...the engineered wheat has a long way to go before it can be turned into anything marketable.”以及“‘I don't think it's the end of the story.’ she says.‘This is just a really important step in maybe producing something that is going to be incredibly useful.’”可知，在温迪·哈伍德看来，转基因小麦要想面世还有很长的路要走，不过，这确实是生产出非常有用的东西的过程中很重要的一个步骤，这种看法很谨慎但又很乐观，故选D项。
答案：D Ⅱ.七选五
Whoever wrote the song “It's the Most Wonderful Time of the Year” must have never experienced holiday blues.Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways yon can beat the holiday blues.The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid. 1 ．Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.
Don't force cheer
At family gatherings with cousins you secretly can't stand, you tend to put on a happy face.Indeed, that might even seem like the most mature response—no drama, no conflict.But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers.The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 2 ．
Let off sadness
The results of the bus-driver study can be explained by researchers, who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. 3 ．We don't like contradictory behaviour.
Respond cautiously
Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution.When you respond cautiously to an emotional trigger (e.g.overcooking the holiday turkey), you pause rather than react at once. 4 ．Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.
5
Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being. In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear.Just make sure you're balancing them with lighter experiences.And don't forget to give yourself break.
A．Relax your mind B．Enjoy a mix of emotions
C．We tend to deny the important function emotions serve D．Instead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life E．So trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effects F．A cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experience G．We feel bad when our appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside 【语篇解读】 休假的日子里往往既有喜乐，也有哀怨，作者就如何应对这种复杂的情绪变化给出了若干有效的建议。
1．解析：根据设空处前一句“The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid.”可知，我们不应该逃避糟糕情绪。D项(相反，它们有助于健康快乐的生活)承上启下，故选D项。
答案：D
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