a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body. Cai Dongsheng, a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, found that hypothalamus stem cells influence how fast aging takes place in the body as well. He also reported that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body. “So when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost, it eventually leads to aging.” Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) or energize the hypothalamus in laboratory mice. They did this by injecting (注射) the animals with stem cells. Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength of the animals5 muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive (认知) ability of the mice. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals. Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer. These findings could lead to new ways to help doctors identify and treat any number of health issues concerning aging problems. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? This is the question Cai and his team are thinking about. 12. What did Juan Ponce de Leon find? A. The American state of Florida. B. Magical powers. C. A Fountain of youth. D. A way to stop the aging process. 13. What do we know about the hypothalamus? A. It is located in the eyes. B. It starts aging due to the increase of its stem cells. C. It plays a key role in controlling the aging process. D. It functions well when the body starts aging. 14. What did the researchers do during the experiment? A. They strengthened the muscles of the mice. - 9 -
B. They examined tissues and tested the behaviour of mice. C. They injected the stem cells into the younger mice. D. They changed the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice. 15. What would the researchers probably do next? A. Inject stem cells of mice into humans. B. Research on the cognitive psychology. C. Help the mice live longer. D. See if anti-aging effects also work in human beings. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】文章介绍了科学家们正通过实验研究延缓衰老的因素和方法。 12. A 细节推理题。根据第二段Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. But what he found instead is the American state of Florida. 可知Juan Ponce de Leon没有找到不老泉，而是找到了美国的佛罗里达州。故选A. 13. C 细节推理题。根据第四段hypothalamus stem cells influence how fast aging takes place in the body as well. He also reported that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body.可知下丘脑干细胞会影响衰老在体内的速度。当下丘脑开始老化时，身体也开始老化。故选C. 14. B 细节推理题。根据第六段They did this by injecting (注射) the animals with stem cells. Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior.可知研究人员给实验小白鼠注射动物干细胞，然后检查老鼠的组织并测试它们行为的变化。故选B. 15. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? This is the question Cai and his team are thinking about.可知研究人员想知道如果老鼠能活得更久，这是否意味着人们可以长寿?所以下一步应该是研究抗衰老的效果是否适用于人类。故选D. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Rise and shine! Morning time just became your new best friend. Love it or hate it, using the morning hours before work may be the key to a successful and healthy lifestyle. ___16___ In addition, the health benefits for those with a life before work go on and on. Let s explore - 10 -
4 of the things successful people do before 8 am. Exercise. Most people that work out daily, work out in the morning. Exercising before work gives you an increase of energy for the day and a sense of accomplishment Even if you aren’t bright eyed and bushy tailed at the thought of a 5 am jog, try waking up 15 minutes early for a quick bedside set of pushups or stretching. ___17___ Map Out Your Day. Maximize your potential by mapping out your schedule for the day, as well as your goals and to dos. The morning is a good time for this as it is often one of the only quiet times a person gets throughout the day. The early hours foster easier reflection that helps when prioritizing (优先) your activities. ___18___ Visualize your day. ___19___ The morning is the perfect time to spend some quiet time inside your mind planning or visualizing. Take a moment to visualize your day ahead of you, focusing on the successes you will have. Even just a minute of visualization and positive thinking can help improve your mood and outlook on your work load for the day. ___20___ We all have that one item on our to do list that we fear. It troubles you all day (or week) until you finally do it after much procrastination (拖延). Instead of anticipating the unpleasantness of it from first coffee through your lunch break, do that least desirable task on your list first. The morning is the time when you are generally more well rested and your energy level is up. Therefore, you are more well equipped to handle more difficult projects. Look at it this way, and your day will get progressively easier, not the other way around. By the time your work day is ending, you’re winding down with easier to dos and heading into your free time more relaxed. Success! A. Connect socially, B. Make Your Day Top Heavy. C. It’ll help wake up your body, and prepare you for your day. D. While scheduling, don’t forget about your physical health. E. Morning people have been found to be more active and more productive. F. They also allow for uninterrupted problem solving when trying to fit everything into your - 11 -
timetable. G. These days we talk about our physical health endlessly, but sometimes our mental health gets overlooked. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. B 【解析】作者讲述了早上时间的重要性和成功人士在早上8点之前做的4件事。 16. E 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文讲早晨时间的重要性，下文讲探索成功人士在早上8点之前做的4件事。E项：人们发现早起的人更活跃、更有效率。承上启下连接前后，故选E. 17. C 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲早起锻炼的重要性和好处，C项：它会唤醒你的身体，为你的一天做好准备。也是早起锻炼的好处，符合本段内容。故选C. 18. F 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲早上合理安排你的日程安排和目标计划的好处，F项：当你试图把所有事情都安排在你的时间表上时，他们也允许你不间断地解决问题。符合本段内容，故选F. 19. G 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲想象你的一天，早晨是在你的头脑里计划或想象的最好的时间。G项提醒我们在重视身体健康的同时注重心理健康，符合本段内容，故选G. 20. B 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段中do that least desirable task on your list first. The morning is the time when you are generally more well rested and your energy level is up.可知在早上精力充沛时把最不想做的事完成。B项表达了此意，故选B. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was traveling by train from Perth to Central one morning. Quietly sitting there reading, I found myself suddenly listening to the train guard’s ___21___. As I looked up from my paper, I noticed other passengers, ___22___ absorbed in their smart phones, also appeared to be listening. Why did they ___23___ this message so much? - 12 -
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