第1讲 代词
[全国卷考情分析]
题型 典题试做 1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give it/running a 语 法 填 空 try. 2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them (they) alive. 3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using it every day. 1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment 短 文 改 错 which is created for 1．代词单复数的错用； 2．人称代词与物主代词的错用； 3．不定代词的错用； 4．代词与其所指代的对象不符。 1．考查人称代词的主格和宾格； 2．考查物主代词的基本用法； 3．考查it的基本用法； 4．考查不定代词和替代词的基本用法。 命题解读 them.yourselves→themselves 2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. us→me 3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I had done myself homework, but I was shy.myself→my/the 4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Mr.and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school.all→both/去掉all
考点一 [题组试做] Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2019·安庆模拟) At the end of the Qing Dynasty, after closed China came under the influence from abroad, many old hutongs lost (they) former neat arrangement.
their [考查代词。根据空后的名词短语“former neat arrangement”可知，空处修饰该名词短语，作定语，故用形容词性物主代词。]
2．(2019·河南洛阳第一次统考)“As soon as he opens (he) mouth and sings in Chinese, the Chinese are very surprised and they feel proud of him，” said his music teacher.
his [考查代词。根据语境mouth和主语he可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth，在句中作定语。]
3．(2019·山东师大附中二模)At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced (her)．
herself [句意：那时，一位迷人的年轻女士注意到了我的书，向我走来并作自我介绍。设空处作宾语，该空处与主语an attractive young lady指同一人，故用反身代词herself。]
4．(2019·重庆第一次调研)There are mainly 3 stone areas. One big area seems to be deep and dark red. two areas seem almost yellow and green. It looks as if someone spilled(泼洒) many colors of paint over the huge areas.
Another [考查限定词。根据上文中的3 stone areas和One big area可知，这里用Another。Another two areas表示“另外两个地区”。]
代词的分类
Ⅱ.单句改错
5．(2019·湖北八校第一次联考)I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live independently.
me→myself [考查代词。与句子主语I呼应，应用反身代词，意为“照顾好自己”。] [要点解读]
代词分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词和关系代词等。
单数 分类 第一 人称 人称 代词 主格 宾格 形容 物主 代词 词性 名词性 I me my 第二 人称 you you your 第三 人称 he，she，it him，her，it his， her，its his， hers，its himself， herself， itself 第一 人称 we us our 复数 第二 人称 you you your 第三 人称 they them their mine yours ours yours theirs 反身代词 my- self your- self our- selves your- selves them- selves 指示代词 相互 代词 普通 不定 代词 不定 代词 个体 代词 数量 代词 疑问代词 宾格 所有格 this，that，such these，those，such each other，one another each other's，one another's some，any，no，somebody，anybody， nobody，someone，anyone，no one， something，anything，nothing，none all，every，each，other，another，either， neither，both，half，everybody，everyone， everything many，much，(a)few，(a)little，a lot of， lots of，a great deal，a great many who，whom，whose，which，what
连接代词 who，whom，whose，which，what (用法请参阅名词性从句部分) who，whom，whose，which，that (用法请参阅定语从句部分) 关系代词 考点二 [题组试做] Ⅰ.单句语法填空
不定代词 1．(2019·泰安模拟)As far as I am concerned, cycling is a good solution. For one thing, bicycles don't need any petrol and they are energy-saving. For ， bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas.
another [句意：在我看来，骑自行车是一个不错的解决方案。一方面，自行车不需要汽油，并且节能；另一方面，自行车也很环保，因为它们不会释放任何废气。for one thing... for another...表示“一方面……另一方面……”。]
2．(2019·新疆第二次检测)Nowadays reference books have become a problem of great concern for the teachers and the students.
both [考查固定搭配。固定搭配both...and...意为“两者都”，符合语境，故用both。] 3．(2019·安徽六校联考)I'll spend half of my holiday practising English and the half learning drawing.
other [句意：我将花假期的一半时间练习英语，另一半时间学画画。根据句意可知，整个假期分为两半，确定范围为两者，故只能用other。]
4．(2019·福建福州十三中高三期中)Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do for the people of his town.
something [结合句意可知，此处表示想要为人们做某事，故填 something。] Ⅱ.单句改错
5．(2019·长春外国语学校模拟)As a child born in a poor village, I know anything outside it.
anything→nothing [由句意可知，“我出生在一个贫穷的小村庄，对外面的世界一无所知。”此处用nothing表示完全否定。代词anything用在肯定句中时，与everything，all具有相同的意义和用法。在否定句中，not...anything表示全部否定；not...everything或everything...not表示部分否定。]
[要点解读]
1．all，both，either，any，none，neither
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