书面表达之读后续写
考纲解读
考试大纲 满分25分。 提供一段350词左右的语言材料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语进行续写(150词左右)，将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。 要求 (1)与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度; (2)内容的丰富性； (3)应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性; (4)上下文的连贯性。 考纲解读 《考试说明》要求要求考生在理解一篇不完整文章的基础上，充分调动想象创新思维，大胆预测文章缺失部分的内容走势，进行充满个性色彩的设计，并用英语进行续写表达。 读后续写原文所提供短文词数在350左右，多以记叙文故事类文章或者夹叙夹议类文章为主，故事情节有曲折、有起伏，但故事线索的逻辑性比较强。
读后续写表现出如下特征：
1.创造性：即发挥想象力，该题型具有一定的开放性，考生需用自己的语言对故事情节进行内容创造； 2.逻辑性：即根据已提供的关键信息，按照可能的合理的方向续写，使文章逻辑结构完整；
3.丰富性：即语言能力的充分体现，词汇句法的准确与复杂程度，细节描写的生动性等都将让故事更加立体饱满。
解题技巧
（一）准确理解原文，把握主题
文章的主题或主旨是作者想要表达的中心思想，反映了他的写作意图，是全文的灵魂，贯穿全文的始末，统领故事的发展，是学生续写的依据和方向。只有抓住原文的主题，续写的内容与原文主题才能相一致且合乎逻辑。否则续写部分就会与前文不一致，从而偏题。学生一定要准确理解所提供的材料，确保自己的理解与作者意图表达的相一致。在续写时，要紧紧把握主题，使文章主题前后一致，高度融合。这就需要学生了解记叙文的常见主题并学会判断主题。可以通过文章的标题、背景、主要情节、首尾判断，也可以从文章中的议论抒情句进行推敲。 （二）理清人物事件及脉络要点
要续写所提供的阅读材料，必须理清文章的脉络线索及人物事件，要对文中线索进行有根据、合乎情理又合乎逻辑的创造性推测，把故事续写下去。要抓住一篇记叙文的脉络要点，通常可从记叙文六要素着手，即：时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果，也就是when，where，who，what，why，how。
这样可以了解故事的梗概，对文本的脉络走向有个基本定位。通常情况下，前面4个要素已经浮出水面，事情正处于发展中，悬念已经浮现。学生需要找出阅读文本中的悬念，并根据悬念发挥合理想象，顺应原文的情节发展进行预测，解开悬念，创作一个意料之外又情理之中的结局。 （三）根据段落开头语确定续写方向
找到悬念之后，并非可以天马行空、随心所欲地想象，学生还需要仔细阅读后面两个续写段落的开头语，这两句开头语对续写起着方向性的指引作用，又有限制作用。因此，在预测情节发展时，必须紧跟原文内容，紧密衔接段落开头语，才能保证续写内容的融洽度。学生通过研读这两句话，可大致预测出接下去会发生什么，而且第二段的开头语往往隐含第一段的信息，所以第一段的续写方向相对第二段会更明确。 （四）注意语言表达的准确性和丰富性
情节构思完成，细节敲定之后就是语言表达的问题。跟任何写作一样，读后续写要求语言表达准确、流畅，上下文之间逻辑紧密，通顺连贯，结构和词汇丰富。这是一个长期积累的过程，但鉴于读后续写的特殊性，学生可以有意识地积累。 1.增强语法结构和词汇的丰富性
英语语法在读后续写中有着非常重要的作用。丰富准确的结构、句式对于读后续写起着重要的保障。学生可以整理提炼读后续写常用的语法结构，如分词做壮语，独立主格，倒装句，强调句型，which引导的非限制性定语从句，虚拟语气等，在平时写作中要有意识地加以应用，使得句式更丰富。
由于读后续写中大量涉及动作，尤其是肢体动作、情感及环境风景等的描写，平时要注意积累这方面的词汇和表达。例如哭这个动作，sob，weep，wail，tears well up in one’s eyes，burst into tears都比cry形象生动得多。此外，阅读一些名著的简写本或当代小说，摘录其中的相关句子加以背诵或者背诵一些美文佳句，运用在续写中，可以起到画龙点睛的作用。 2.保持与原文在语言风格上的一致性
既然是续写，就应该是一篇完整的记叙文，需要在各个语言层次的表达风格上和原文保持一致，达到水乳交融的效果。由于所提供的续写材料的语言风格各不相同，有的质朴，有的华丽，有的欢快，有的忧伤。不同的语言风格会用不同的语言，学生在平时训练过程中就要学会判断原文的语言风格并进行模仿，尽可能与原文用词相仿，句式相近，语气相通。总之，在续写时要注意词汇的不同时态搭配、用词的新颖和变换及语气的强弱，避免过于口语化的词汇。 读后续写常用表达举例 与情感和动作有关的表达举例 1.害怕
① He turned to me, with his eyes full of horror. ② Fear slowly creeps （爬，蔓延）upon her. ③ She was struck with horror when... ④ She was choked by fear.
⑤ Her face turned pale and stood there tongue-tied. 2.感动&羞愧
① Touched deeply/immensely, we…
② Tears filling her eyes, she offered her heartfelt gratitude. ③ With tears streaming down her face, she... ④ Moved to tears, she failed to utter a word. ⑤ I felt my face burning with shame. 3.愤怒
① I was seized by anger.
②He was fuming [fjumi?] （冒烟的 ）with rage. ③ His anger boiled over（沸溢 ；(情绪) 失去控制 ）. ④He could hardly/scarcely contain his rage（愤怒 ）. ⑤ He was breathing fire and fury（激怒的感情） ['fj??r?] . 4.喜乐
① The smile on her face shone like a diamond. ② A simile of understanding flashed across his face. ③ A ripple （涟漪 ）of excitement ran through them. ④ Laughter lingered around (萦绕 ) the room. ⑤ His eyes twinkled with pleasure.
真题回顾
2020年1月，浙江卷，读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
“I'm going to miss you so much, Poppy, \the tall, thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye. He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions(情绪)get the better of him.
His parents were not quite able to keep theirs under control. They had driven their son several hours out of
town to the university where he would soon be living and studying. It was time to say goodbye for now at least. The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.
The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile.” I guess this is it, “he said.” I'll see you back home in a month, okay？\of hundreds of students and parents. The boy's mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back home.”
The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there. All that week, Poppy didn't seem interested in her dinner, her favorite toy, or even in her daily walk. Her owners were sad too, but they knew their son would be back to visit. Poppy didn't.
They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats. They even let her sit on the sofa, but the old girl just wasn't her usual cheerful self. Her owners started to get worried. \？\
“I have an idea, but it might be a little crazy, “smiled Mom.” Without anybody left in the house but us, this place could use a bit of fun. Let's get a little dog for Poppy.\
It didn't take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. Poppy welcomed them home as usual, but when she saw the box, she stopped. She put her nose on it. Her tail began wagging(摆动)ever so slowly, then faster as she caught the smell. 注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Para 1. Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2. A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 Para 1.
Dad put the box on the ground and opened the top. A shiny little wet nose popped up. Then two fluffy paws. Next the box tipped over sideways, and out tumbled a mass of wiggly golden silliness. Poppy was amazed. She wagged furiously. She barked with joy. She smiled, her tongue lolling out as she investigated the surprise. The little pup was not shy and immediately starting yipping and jumping around the older dog. “That didn’t take long,” remarked Mom, as both dogs went roaring around the house in an impromptu game of chase. Dad laughed. Para 2.
A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university. He had missed Poppy and was looking forward to seeing her. When he bent down to give her a big hug, he fell over in surprise as a small golden cloud came racing up to lick his face too. “Oh my gosh, who is this?” he exclaimed. His parents laughed at the look of shock on his face. “That’s Pee-wee,” said Dad. “I can’t believe you got yourselves a puppy!” “We didn’t,” replied Mom. “This puppy is for Poppy!”
【解析】这是一篇读后续写作文。通过阅读所给文章可知，文章讲述了男孩要去上大学，和自己的狗Poppy道别。而没有了男孩在家里，Poppy也非常想念男孩，于是男孩父母决定给Poppy买一条小狗作伴。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：爸爸打开盒子，一条可爱的小狗出现了。所以后文应该是描写买来的小狗的样子以及这两只狗的相处情况；第二段开头是：几个星期后，男孩从大学回到家里。本段应该写男孩回到家以后看到两条狗的反应，以及父母告诉男孩这条狗是买给Poppy的。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。 【点睛】
本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：a mass of，with joy，look forward to等高级词汇；非谓语动词的运用The little pup was not shy and immediately starting yipping and jumping around the older dog.；时间状语从句When he bent down to give her a big hug, he fell over in surprise as a small golden cloud came racing up to lick his face too.等高级句式。 课后作业
B
At present, I was diagnosed(诊断) with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.
In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I
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