④ruin v. ruin oneself 自取灭亡
⑤ruin one’s health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉 易混辨析:
destroy: 十分彻底的损坏,一般不可修复。 damage: 部分性损坏或破坏,可修复。多用于物。
ruin: 把某物损坏到不能修复、不可使用的程度,常用于抽象借喻中。 harm: 对人身心健康的伤害或对事物的危害。 11. sort of 有几分地,有那么一点 短语拓展:
①sort of=kind of=slightly 有几分,有那么一点 It is sort of embarrassing. 这有点叫人难为情。 ②sort of like 可以说是
③a sort of (=a kind of) 某种,一种 ④all sorts/kinds of 各种各样的 ⑤of a sort (=of a kind) 同一种类的 ⑥this/that sort of + n. 这种/那种…
例1. It wasn’t very nice weather. It was ______ foggy. A. sort of B. plenty of C. a kind of D. a bit of
解析:句意:天气不太好,有点儿雾。考查固定短语。sort of有几分儿地;plenty of足够的,后跟名词;a kind of一种;a bit of一点,常用于修饰不可数名词。 答案:A。
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例 2. A robot is a machine _____ to do jobs that _____ usually performed by humans. A. designed; are B. designed; is C. being designed; are D. to be designed; is
解析:句意:机器人是设计出来的一种机器,用来完成通常由人类完成的工作。Design和machine之间是被动关系,故用designed;jobs为定语从句先行词,故从句谓语为复数,用are。 答案:A。
例3. He got up late and hurried to his office, _____ the breakfast untouched. A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left
解析:句意:他起晚了,然后匆忙赶到办公室,早饭根本没动。考查非谓语动词作状语。此处用现在分词leaving作结果状语。A项改为had left才正确;B项表目的及将来含义;D项表示该动作先于谓语动词动作发生。 答案:C。
例4. In recent years much more emphasis has been put _____ developing the students’ speaking and writing skills. A. onto B. in C. over D. on
解析:句意:考查emphasis的固定搭配,句意:最近几年,培养学生的说和写的技能受到了更多的重视。put/place/lay emphasis on是固定搭配,表示“强调,注视…”。 答案:D。
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例5. (2019北京朝阳高三二模)An exercise method _____ to improve strength and balance is becoming popular in the United States. A. designing B. designed C. to be designed D. being designed
解析:句意:一个旨在加强力量和平衡感的锻炼方法在美国变得很流行。design与其逻辑主语“an exercise method”之间为动宾关系,所以要用过去分词表示被动,即可推断出正确答案。 答案:B。
基础演练
一,根据汉语提示,用所学的单词或短语填空。
1. The teacher __________ (强调)the importance of making notes in class now and then. 2. Can you arrange for us to visit the Industrial __________(展览会)tomorrow morning. 3. All the students taking part in military training were standing up __________(笔直地)on the playground.
4. The full __________(细节)of the agreement have not yet been made public. 5. His ideas seem so __________(抽象的)that nobody can understand them. 6. I wasted not only __________(宝贵的,贵重的)time but also effort.
7. When you write a composition, you had better use your __________(想象力). 8. This show will no doubt __________(增添)his growing reputation. 9. She couldn’t turn around so she __________(盯着)her two brothers. 10. Diets are most effective when they are __________(结合)exercise. Keys:
一,1. emphasizes 3. straight
2. Exhibition 4. details
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5. abstract
6. valuable 8. add to 10. combined with
7. imagination
9. fixed her eyes on
巩固提高
一,单句改错。
1. The shoes were designed to extremely cold climates. __________________________________________________. 2. Looking up, I saw his eyes fixing on me in curiosity. __________________________________________________. 3. He has pain in his knee.
__________________________________________________. 4. The vase is of very value.
__________________________________________________.
5. No doubt she will be late. It’s typical for her to keep all the other guests waiting. __________________________________________________. Keys:
一,1. to---for 2. fixing---fixed 3. pain---a pain 4. very---great 5. for---of 一,单项选择。
1. The newly built buildings along the streets _____ the beauty of my hometown. A. add up
B. add to
C. are added up
D. are added
2. The theory was so _____ that almost no people at the time could understand it or accept it. A. abstract
B. valuable
C. religious
D. responsible
3. On hearing the news, the girl rushed out without hesitation, _____ the luggage _____ on the floor
and
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