核-壳结构氧还原反应电催化剂

核-壳结构氧还原反应电催化剂

常乔婉 肖 菲 徐 源 邵敏华*

【摘 要】摘要：金属铂是最高效的氧还原反应催化剂而被广泛应用于质子交换膜燃料电池，但其高成本阻碍了燃料电池的商业化进程。此专论主要总结了近年来核-壳结构纳米催化剂的设计、合成及在燃料电池中的应用，讨论了多种提高核-壳结构纳米催化剂的策略包括去合金化、形貌控制、表面改性等，以及在放大制备及燃料电池测试中遇到的问题。 【期刊名称】物理化学学报 【年(卷),期】2017(033)001 【总页数】9

【关键词】核-壳结构；质子交换膜燃料电池；电催化；铂合金；钯；形貌控制

1 Introduction

Proton

exchange

membrane

fuel

cells(PEMFCs)involve

two

reactions:oneisthehydrogenoxidationreaction(HOR,H2→2H++ 2e－)at the anode,the other is the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR, 1/2O2+2H++2e－→H2O)at the cathode.The commercialization of PEMFCs has been hindered by costly Pt-based electrocatalysts at both electrodes,especially at the cathode since the slow reaction kinetics of ORR requires a higher Pt loading to achieve a desirable fuel cell performance.For the past five decades,great efforts have been spent on developing cost-competitive and highly active electrocatalysts for ORR1－3,including but not limited to advanced Pt alloys4－9,other noble-