½ÌÓý×ÊÁÏ
µÚÒ»Õ ÓÐÀíÊý 1.3 ÓÐÀíÊýµÄ¼Ó¼õ·¨ 1.3.2 ÓÐÀíÊýµÄ¼õ·¨(µÚ2¿Îʱ)
ѧϰĿ±ê
1.Àí½â¼Ó¼õ·¨Í³Ò»³É¼Ó·¨µÄÒâÒå,ÄÜÊìÁ·µØ½øÐÐÓÐÀíÊý¼Ó¼õ·¨µÄ»ìºÏÔËËã. 2.ͨ¹ý¼Ó¼õ·¨µÄÏ໥ת»¯,ÅàÑøÑ§ÉúµÄÓ¦±äÄÜÁ¦¡¢¿ÚÍ·±í´ïÄÜÁ¦¼°¼ÆËãÄÜÁ¦.
3.ͨ¹ý½ÒʾÓÐÀíÊýµÄ¼Ó¼õ·¨×ª»¯,ÉøÍ¸ÊÂÎï¼äÆÕ±éÁªÏµ¡¢Ï໥ת»¯µÄ±ç֤ΨÎïÖ÷Òå˼Ïë.
×ÔÖ÷Ԥϰ:
1.ÓÐÀíÊýµÄ¼Ó·¨·¨Ôò,ÓÐÀíÊýµÄ¼õ·¨·¨Ôò.
2.»ØÒäÓÐÀíÊý¼Ó·¨µÄ½»»»ÂÉ(¿ÉÓÃ×Öĸ±íʾ) ÓÐÀíÊý¼Ó·¨µÄ½áºÏÂÉ(¿ÉÓÃ×Öĸ±íʾ) . 3.¼ÆËã:(-20)+(+3)-(-5)-(+7). *
4.ÒýÈëÏà·´Êýºó,¼Ó¼õ»ìºÏÔËËã¿ÉÒÔͳһΪ¼Ó·¨ÔËËã. Èç:a+b-c=a+b+ .
5.½«ÉÏÃæµÄËãʽ*ת»¯Îª¼Ó·¨: .
6.Õâ¸öËãʽ*ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿´×÷ÊÇ ¡¢ ¡¢ ¡¢ ÕâËĸöÊýµÄºÍ. 7.ΪÊéд¼òµ¥,¿ÉÒÔÊ¡ÂÔËãʽ*ÖеÄÀ¨ºÅºÍ¼ÓºÅдΪ .
8.ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¶Á×÷ µÄºÍ,»ò¶Á×÷ ¼Ó ¼Ó ¼õ . 9.ÔËËã¹ý³ÌÒ²¿É¼òµ¥µÄдΪ (-20)+(+3)-(-5)-(+7)
10.×ܽáÓÐÀíÊý¼Ó¼õ»ìºÏÔËËãµÄ²½Öè:
11.ÓÐÀíÊý¼õ·¨µÄÓ¦ÓÃ:
ÔÚÊýÖáÉÏ,µãA,B·Ö±ð±íʾÊýa,b,ÀûÓÃÓÐÀíÊý¼õ·¨,·Ö±ð¼ÆËãÏÂÁÐÇé¿öϵãA,BÖ®¼äµÄ¾àÀë.
µ±a=2,b=6ʱ,AB= ;µ±a=0,b=6ʱ,AB= ;µ±a=2,b=-6ʱ,AB= ;µ±a=-2,b=-6ʱ,AB= .
12.ÄãÄÜ·¢ÏÖµãA,BÖ®¼äµÄ¾àÀëÓëÊýa,bÖ®¼äµÄ¹ØÏµÂð?
¸ú×ÙÁ·Ï°
1.°ÑÏÂÌâµÄ¼õ·¨Í³Ò»³É¼Ó·¨,Ê¡ÂԼӺźó¼ÆËã³ö½á¹û. (1)(-9)-(-10)+(-2);(2)(-7)-(-8)+(+7)-(+10).
2.ÊýÖáÉϱíʾ3µÄµãÓë±íʾ-2µÄµãÖ®¼äµÄ¾àÀëΪ .
±ä»¯ÑÝÁ·
1.µ±a=-2,b=3,c=-4,Ôòa-(b-c)µÄֵΪ . 2.ÒÑÖªa=2,|b|=3,¼ÆËãa-b= . 3.¼ÆËã:(1)-12+11?12+11; (2)-7+(-1.5)-(-1.5); (3)(-18.25)-45+(+184)+4.4;
2
1
7
6
5
5
.
½ÌÓý×ÊÁÏ
(4)|-14|-(-4)+1-|2-1|.
´ï±ê¼ì²â
1.°Ñ(-5)-(-6)+(-7)-(-4)¶¼Í³Ò»×ª»¯³É¼Ó·¨ÔËËã,¼´ ,Ëü»¹¿ÉÒÔд³ÉÊ¡ÂԼӺŵĺ͵ÄÐÎʽ,¼´ ,¶Á×÷ .
2.½«ÏÂÁÐʽ×Óд³ÉÊ¡ÂԼӺŵĺ͵ÄÐÎʽ,²¢Ëµ³öËüµÄÁ½ÖÖ¶Á·¨: (1)(+3.7)-(-2.5)+(-3.5)-(+2.4);
(2)(-1)-(+1)+(-2)-(-3)-(-1)+4.
3.¼ÆËã:(1)-11-9-7+6-8+10;
(2)-5.75-(-3)+(-5)-3.125.
4.ij¹«Â·Ñø»¤Ð¡×é³Ë³µÑØÄϱ±·½Ïò¹«Â·Ñ²ÊÓά»¤,ijÌì´Ó¼×µØ³ö·¢,Ô¼¶¨ÏòÄÏÐÐʻΪÕý,µ½ÊÕ¹¤Ê±µÄÐÐÊ»¼Ç¼ÈçÏÂ:(µ¥Î»:ǧÃ×)8,-5,7,-4,-6,13,4,12,-11.
(1)ÎÊÊÕ¹¤Ê±,Ñø»¤Ð¡×éÔڼ׵صÄÄÄÒ»±ß?¾àÀë¼×µØ¶àÔ¶?
(2)ÈôÆû³µÐÐʻÿǧÃ׺ÄÓÍ0.5Éý,Çó´Ó³ö·¢µ½ÊÕ¹¤¹²ºÄÓͶàÉÙÉý? ²Î¿¼´ð°¸
×ÔÖ÷Ԥϰ
1.ÓÐÀíÊý¼Ó·¨·¨Ôò:¢ÙͬºÅµÄÁ½ÊýÏà¼Ó,È¡ÏàͬµÄ·ûºÅ,²¢°Ñ¾ø¶ÔÖµÏà¼Ó.¢Ú¾ø¶ÔÖµ²»ÏàµÈµÄÒìºÅÁ½ÊýÏà¼Ó,È¡¾ø¶ÔÖµ½Ï´óµÄ¼ÓÊýµÄ·ûºÅ,²¢ÓýϴóµÄ¾ø¶ÔÖµ¼õÈ¥½ÏСµÄ¾ø¶ÔÖµ.»¥ÎªÏà·´ÊýµÄÁ½¸öÊýÏà¼ÓµÃ0.¢ÛÒ»¸öÊýͬ0Ïà¼Ó,ÈÔµÃÕâ¸öÊý.
ÓÐÀíÊýµÄ¼õ·¨·¨Ôò:¼õÈ¥Ò»¸öÊý,µÈÓÚ¼ÓÕâ¸öÊýµÄÏà·´Êý. 2.a+b=b+a (a+b)+c=a+(b+c); 3.-19 4.(-c)
5.(-20)+(+3)+(+5)+(-7) 6.-20 3 5 -7 7.-20+3+5-7
8.¸º20,Õý3,Õý5,¸º7 ¸º20 3 5 7
9.=(-20)+(+3)+(+5)+(-7)(¿ÉÊ¡ÂÔ)=-20+3+5-7=-20-7+3+5=-27+8=-19
10.(1)½«¼õ·¨×ª»¯Îª¼Ó·¨ÔËËã;(2)Ê¡ÂԼӺźÍÀ¨ºÅ;(3)ÔËÓüӷ¨½»»»ÂɺͽáºÏÂÉ,½«Í¬ºÅÁ½ÊýÏà¼Ó;(4)°´ÓÐÀíÊý¼Ó·¨·¨Ôò¼ÆËã.
11.4 6 8 4
12.ÊýÖáÉÏÁ½µãA,BÖ®¼äµÄ¾àÀë:½Ï´óµÄÊý¼õÈ¥½ÏСµÄÊý ¸ú×ÙÁ·Ï°
1.(1)-1 (2)-2 2.5 ±ä»¯ÑÝÁ· 1.-9 2.-1»ò5
3.(1)0 (2)-7 (3)0 (4)2 .
5
131
½ÌÓý×ÊÁÏ
´ï±ê¼ì²â
1.(-5)+(+6)+(-7)+(+4),-5+6-7+4,¸º5¡¢Õý6¡¢¸º7¡¢Õý4µÄºÍ»ò¸º5¼Ó6¼õ7¼Ó4
2.(1)3.7+2.5-3.5-2.4,¶Á×÷:Õý3.7¡¢Õý2.5¡¢¸º3.5¡¢¸º2.4µÄºÍ;3.7¼Ó2.5¼õ3.5¼õ2.4;(2)-1-1-2+3+1+4,¶Á×÷:¸º1¡¢¸º1¡¢¸º2¡¢Õý3¡¢Õý1¡¢Õý4µÄºÍ;¸º1¼õ1¼õ2¼Ó3¼Ó1¼Ó4.
3.(1)-19 (2)-10.875
4.(1)ÄÏ,18ǧÃ× (2)35Éý
.
Ïà¹ØÍÆ¼ö£º