音乐池升降台液压系统设计
摘要
近年来液压技术在各行各业中得到了广泛应用，而且不同行业的液压系统也各有特点。升降台是舞台机械台下设备中应用最广泛的设备之一，在专业歌剧院、舞剧院、话剧院的音乐池，都配备着大量各种类型的升降台，即使是在某些以转台为主的话剧院，鼓形转台内也配置有不同规格的升降台。许多国际知名音乐厅里，都配备了用于乐队、合唱队或大型乐器的乐池升降台。液压传动很容易实现机器的自动化，当采用电液联合控制后，不仅可实现更高程度的自动控制过程，而且可以实现遥控，所以升降台大多都采用液压传动。
关键字：液压；升降台；
Music Pool Lift Hydraulic System Design
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Tutor:
Abstract
Hydraulic technology in all walks of life in recent years has been widely applied, and hydraulic systems in different industries have their own characteristics. Lifting platform is in the equipment under stage one of the most widely used equipment in the professional opera, dance theater, musical theater, then pool, are equipped with a large number of various types of lift, even as some in turntable If the main theater, drum-shaped rotary table are also equipped with various specifications of the lift. Many international well-known music hall, all equipped for the band, chorus and large orchestra pit lift instrument. Hydraulic Automation machines are easy to implement, when combined with electro-hydraulic control, not only can achieve a higher degree of automation process and can realize remote control, so most are used elevator hydraulic transmission.
Key words：hydraulic pressure；lifting table
目 录
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1绪论 ............................................................................................................................ 1 2音乐池升降台概述 .................................................................................................... 1
2.1音乐池升降台的介绍 ...................................................................................... 1 2.2音乐池升降台的作用 ...................................................................................... 2 2.3升降台的种类 .................................................................................................. 2 3液压系统在工程中的应用及优缺点 ........................................................................ 3
3.1液压系统在工程中的应用 .............................................................................. 3 3.2液压系统的优点 .............................................................................................. 3 4液压系统的设计步骤与要求 .................................................................................... 4
4.1设计步骤 .......................................................................................................... 4 4.2设计要求 .......................................................................................................... 5 5制定基本方案和绘制液压系统图 ............................................................................ 5
5.1基本方案 .......................................................................................................... 5
5.1.1调速方案的选择 .................................................................................... 5 5.1.2压力控制方案 ........................................................................................ 6 5.1.3顺序动作方案 ........................................................................................ 6 5.1.4选择液压动力源 .................................................................................... 6 5.2绘制液压系统图 .............................................................................................. 6 6音乐池升降台液压系统工作原理及特点 ................................................................ 8
6.1液压系统的工作原理 ...................................................................................... 8 6.2液压系统的工作特点 ...................................................................................... 8 7液压系统主要参数的确定及工况分析 .................................................................... 8
7.1升降机的工艺参数 .......................................................................................... 8 7.2工况分析 .......................................................................................................... 9 8液压系统主要参数的计算 ........................................................................................ 9
8.1初步估算系统工作压力 .................................................................................. 9 8.2液压执行元件的主要参数 .............................................................................. 9
8.2.1液压缸的作用力 .................................................................................... 9 8.2.2缸筒内径的确定 .................................................................................. 10
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8.2.3活塞杆直径的确定 .............................................................................. 10 8.2.4液压缸壁厚的确定 .............................................................................. 12 8.2.5液压缸的流量 ...................................................................................... 13 8.3速度和载荷计算 ............................................................................................ 13
8.3.1执行元件类型、数量和安装位置 ...................................................... 13 8.3.2速度计算及速度变化规律 .................................................................. 14 8.3.3执行元件的载荷计算及变化规律 ...................................................... 15
9液压元件的选择及计算 .......................................................................................... 16
9.1液压泵的选择 ................................................................................................ 16
9.1.1泵的额定流量 ...................................................................................... 17 9.1.2泵的最高工作压力 .............................................................................. 17 9.1.3确定驱动液压泵的功率 ...................................................................... 18 9.2选择电机 ........................................................................................................ 19 9.3连轴器的选用 ................................................................................................ 20 9.4控制阀的选用 ................................................................................................ 20
9.4.1 压力控制阀 ......................................................................................... 21 9.4.2 流量控制阀 ......................................................................................... 21 9.4.3 方向控制阀 ......................................................................................... 22 9.5管路，过滤器选择计算 ................................................................................ 22
9.5.1 管路 ..................................................................................................... 22 9.5.2 过滤器的选择 ..................................................................................... 23 9.6 辅件的选择 ................................................................................................... 24
9.6.1温度计的选择 ...................................................................................... 24 9.6.2压力表选择 .......................................................................................... 24 9.6.3油箱 ...................................................................................................... 24
10 液压系统性能验算 ............................................................................................... 25
10.1系统压力损失验算 ...................................................................................... 25 10.2计算液压系统的发热功率 .......................................................................... 26 11液压系统的仿真 .................................................................................................... 28
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