evolution.
31. The author is primarily concerned with______.
A) disproving the view that bipedalism alone can account for the human brain’s evolution B) describing a relationship between the acquisition of an improved diet and the development of the human brain
C) contrasting the characteristics of Homo and his primate ancestors
D) analyzing the evolutionary basis for the development of the modern human diet
32. The author refers to the increase in animal bones in the fourth paragraph primarily in order to _____.
A) demonstrate the increase of the availability of grazing mammals during the desiccation of the African landscape
B) provide proof that environmental changes did indeed occur around a time of rapid evolution for Homo
C) explain the means by which Homo was able to make use of the appearance of the antelope and gazelle
D) offer evidence that with the desiccation of the African landscape, Homo’s diet changed from that of the australopithecine
33. It can be inferred from the passage that chimpanzees are characterized by ____. A) brains that use less overall body energy than the percentage humans use B) the possession of less total body weight than the average human weight C) a total resting energy equal to that of human resting energy
D) a diet completely devoid of rich foods preferred by more developed species 34. The author mentions all of the following as evidence that dietary changes accompanied the expansion of Homo’s brain EXCEPT____.
A) the higher calorie density found in foods Homo ate during the expansion, and their extra nutrients
B) the fossil record of Homo, and what it indicates about Homo’s progressive adaptation
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D) the development of a hunting-and-gathering economy beneficial to further brain growth 35. According to the passage, initial improvement in brain function in Homo’s ancestors resulted at least partially from which of the following?
A) the sharing of resources typical of hunter-gatherer groups to which Homo eventually came to belong
B) the freeing of Homo’s heat-sensitive brain from the temperature constraints that had kept its size in check
C) the availability of foods far denser in calories and nutrients than those previously available
D) morphological solutions of environmental change developed by the robust proto-humans
考博论坛4 H/ a# U+ |# Y# IPassage four
There is a popular English belief that if you can’t get in the water, you might as well get on it. It may be that the seas around our coasts are too chill and uninviting for round-the-year bathing,
or that in many cases treacherous currents and sharp incisor-like rocks beneath the water discourage all but the most venturesome. Perhaps the real answer is that we are islanders and islands, on the whole, tend to produce sea-faring people. Our early history of exploration and discovery, to say nothing of downright piracy, goes some way to support this. However that may be, the Englishman is not just content to get on the sea, he is also irresistibly compelled to get on his inland waterways. Our rivers, canals and lakes, besides proving a cheap, if relatively slow form of transport, attract a regular army of enthusiastic amateurs who spend their winters scraping and painting their boats in readiness for the warmer weather, some even going so far as to build their own craft. When spring comes, the proud owners take to the water in their little boats, white sails flapping, like so many ducks. There are of course innumerable rowing boats, punts, skiffs and dinghies, and superior, motor-powered cabin cruisers whose owners wear yachting caps and nautical-looking sweater. These last, usually flying a club pennant and with a girl or two stretched out on the cabin roof, proceed at speed down the river creating a wash that sets the smaller boats bobbing and bouncing and even on occasion capsizing. Even their magnificence, however, is eclipsed by the rowing eights who streak up and down in their elegant long boats, dipping their oars to the merciless cries of the coach: ‘In – Out – In – Out’. These are the giants of the river, bronzed and muscular, oblivious of everything but the precision of their timing and the need for speed.
Any description of our inland waterways would be incomplete without reference to those who have made the water their way of life. Disregarding damp, inconvenience, gales, storms and the danger of floods, they make their homes on the water, in houseboats or converted barges, becoming, as it were, a species of human water-rat. Their original intention may have been to get away from the tension and frustration of city or suburban life, but it is soon apparent that theirs is no gipsy existence. Their homes, moored or floating, are painted in gay colours, electric light and bathrooms are installed, curtains appear at the windows and neighbours vie with one another in the cultivation of trailing pot plants and hanging baskets of flowers. The result is comfortably suburban —— a dog or a cat is frequently introduced into the domestic scene —— and the whole is an excellent example of the art of compromise. The owners have lost none of their creature comforts, but they have satisfied their urge to live on the water. 36. The writer suggests that the majority of islanders ____. A) have to make their living from the sea B) are strongly attracted to the sea C) are only interested in going to sea D) have to go on voyages of discovery
37. The passage tells us that, among boat-lovers, there are some ____. A) experienced boat-builders B) amateur soldiers
C) do-it-yourself enthusiasts D) members of the armed forces
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39. Sometimes one of the smaller boats overturned because ____. A) there was a sudden surge in the water B) it couldn’t keep up with the bigger boats C) there was a sudden gush of water D) it got in the way of the bigger boats
40. It seems that people who decide to make their homes on the water ____. A) disregard the risks and inconveniences B) enjoy the challenge of dangerous situations C) want to live an unconventional life D) would like to have been gypsies
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Section A From Chinese into English (15%)
Directions: Translate the following three underlined parts from Chinese into English and write your translation on the answer sheet.
1. 日前，一项在全国20个大中城市开展的调查表明，一半左右的调查对象对自己的婚姻状况和恋情感到满意，近30%的受访者对此感到厌倦，3.4%的人觉得很痛苦。 3%的受访者表示他们对自己和伴侣的关系感到担忧，12%的人说他们不知道该如何形容内心复杂的感受。
去年年底，全国妇联附属机构华坤女性调查中心对2000名年龄在20至60岁之间的女性进行了调查，总共收回1955份有效问卷。
2． 受调查女性的平均年龄为35岁，其中70%的人已婚。约57%受访女性的月收入在1000至3000元之间。
女性对伴侣是否具有家庭责任感、体贴心和高品味最为看重，其次，高收入、有前途的职业和好长相分别被列为第五、第八和第十一位。
此外，调查对象对有关心理健康问题的回答显示，72%的人偶尔感到焦虑，16%的人常常感到担忧。 调查显示，30至50岁之间的受访者中感到焦虑的人最多，20%的女性说她们经常紧张不安。 3． 调查结果显示，工作压力、孩子的教育问题以及难以处理的人际关系是让女性感到焦虑的主要原因。
Section B From English into Chinese (15%)
Directions: Translate the following three underlined parts from English into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet. 1．When foreign diplomats and reporters pick up copies of Premier Wen Jiabao's government work report in English, French, German, Japanese, Russian and Spanish at the opening ceremony of the 5th session of the 10th National People's Congress (NPC) today in the Great Hall of the People, they should thank a dozen Westerners for the wonderful work they have done.
The behind-the-scene foreigners have been working with about 70 Chinese foreign language professors for six weeks to translate major reports of the NPC and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) into the six languages, Wang Xuedong, deputy chief of the
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2．Most of them have been in China for quite a long time and have a good knowledge of the nation's political, economic and social issues, he said.
The practice of having NPC and CPPCC documents translated into foreign languages started in the 1980s, after China launched its reform and opening-up policy.
3．In recent years more and more foreigners are becoming involved in the handling of the nation's most confidential documents, according to the bureau official.
\conventions are becoming more and more transparent and we want to express ourselves better to the rest of the world,\
The NPC and CPPCC reports have also been translated into seven ethnic minority languages including the Kazak, Korean, Mongolian, Tibetan, Uygur and Yi.
Part IV Essay Writing (20%)
Directions: You are required to write about 200 words on the following topic: “Brand Awareness of the Chinese Enterprises”
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