翻译

短语

1.一件漂亮的新的意大利黑色皮夹克

A beautiful new black Italian leather jacket

2.中国现存保存最完好的古代建筑群

The best preserved ancient architectural complexes in China

3.山东曲阜市---中国古代著名思想家、教育家孔子的故乡

Qufu, Shandong Province---- the birthplace of Confucius, a well-renowned ancient Chinese thinker and educator

4.像中国这样十几亿人口的发展中国家

A developing country like China with a population of over a billion

5.各国之间的共识

Consensus among nations

6.社会经济发展水平的重要标志

An important indicator of socio-economic level

7.解决人类面临的生存环境和发展问题的关键

The key to solving the problems of living environment and development confronting human beings

8.地震、水灾、能源短缺等间接或直接造成的危机

Crises directly or indirectly caused by earthquakes, floods, energy shortages

句子：

1. 国企和外企的差距正在缩小

The gap between the state-owned enterprises and the foreign enterprises is narrowing.

2. 剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺

The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which is the symbol of health and prosperity.

3. 中国有13亿人口，占全球的五分之一

China has a population of 1.3 billion, accounting for one-fifth of the population of the world.

4. 在饮食方面，中国各省的习惯不一样，口味也不一样

Eating habits and tastes differ from province to province in China.

5. 孩子们看电视过多会大大损坏视力

Too much exposure to TV programs will greatly harm children’s eyesight.

6. .设在位于纽约市中心一座摩天大楼地四十层楼里的那间办公室，就是 他工作的小天地。

The office on the 40th floor of a skyscraper in the center of New York City is the world where he works.

7. 他们中有一半是近五年才来到温哥华的，这使得温哥华成为亚洲外最大的中国人聚居地。 Half of them have come to Vancouver over the past five years, making it the largest Chinese settlement outside Asia.

8. 新景点不断出现，观光人数不断增加，地区经济也有了新的发展。

The emergence of new scenic spots and the increasing number of tourists have boosted the regional economy.

1. 这项提议得到了人们的普遍认可。

The proposal found general acceptance.

2. 一颗炸弹在火车站爆炸，造成了20人死亡，45人受伤。

A bomb exploded in the railway station, killing 27 passengers and wounding 46 others

3. 邓小平的经济思想给中国改革开放以巨大的推动力(impetus)，为中国改革开放做出了历史贡献。

Deng Xiaoping’s economic thought, giving huge impetus to China’s reform and opening-up, is a historical contribution in this regard.

4. 如果这个问题不解决，势必影响两国的利益

Failure to settle this issue is bound to impair the relations between the two countries seriously.

5. 如果问题分析不当，便可能造成误解。 6. 传统的月饼上带有“寿”、“福”或“和”等字样。

There are characters of “longevity”, “good fortune/blessing/happiness” and “harmony” on the traditional moon cakes.

7. 做出这样的准备是必要的，因为无法预见到登山者会遇到什么性质的困难。

Precautions of this sort are necessary for it is impossible to foretell the exact nature of the difficulties that will confront the mountain climbers

8. 我们今年的棉花产量是去年的两倍。

We’ve produced twice as much cotton this year as we did last year.

9. 就是因为我告诉教授他撒谎了，教授才取消了他的资格。

Only because I told the professor he lied did the professor cancel his qualification.

10. 不看秦始皇兵马俑，不算真正到过中国。

A traveler who has not seen the Qin Dynasty terra cotta figures can not claim to have visited China.

翻译方法： 一、确立主语

?我们的房子是一百多年前建造的。

?Our house was built over a hundred years ago.

?如果不适当处理，机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。

?Exhaust from vehicles, unless properly treated, will cause air pollution in cities. The fact/problem/issue that?

?延长退休年龄近年来被频繁提及，体现了中国目前老龄化危机日趋严重。

?The fact that extending work life has been frequently mentioned signifies the increasingly serious aging crisis now in China.

二、谓语动词的名词化

医生迅速到达，并仔细检查了病人，因此病人很快就康复了。

The doctor’s quick arrival and careful examination of the patient brought about the patient’s speedy recovery.

延长退休年龄近年来被频繁提及，体现了中国目前老龄化危机日趋严重。

Retirement delay being frequently mentioned(the frequent mention of) suggests China’s aging crisis has become increasingly serious(reflect the ever-worsening aging crisis in current China.)

长城是世界一大奇迹。现在，每年都有几百万人到长城游览。

?The Great Wall is a wonder of the world. Millions of tourists visit it each year.

?The Great Wall which millions of tourists visit each year now is a wonder of the world.

?The great wall, a wonder of the world, is visited by millions of tourists each year now.

北京老城本身就是文物，应该完整保存。

?The inner city of Beijing itself is an antiquity/historic site and needs to be kept intact.

?The inner city of Beijing itself is an antiquity that needs to be well preserved.

三、确立谓语

?世界上只有海水取之不尽，用之不竭。

?Only the sea water is inexhaustible in the world.

?新景点不断出现，观光人数不断增加，地区经济也有了新的发展。

?The emergence of new scenic spots and the increasing number of tourists have

boosted the regional economy.

四、定语的位置

?英语中，若修饰语是短语或句子，它必须在谓语所修饰的主名词（head noun)之右，即名左定右。此类修饰语叫做后置修饰语postmodifier。 （1）主名词+介词短语

?经济增长 ?The growth of economy

?中国民族的未来 ?The future of Chinese People （2）主名词+to-不定式

?她告诉了部长们她准备辞职的决定。

?She told ministers of her decision to resign.

?该系统能够同时运行一个以上的程序。

?The system has the ability to run more than one program at the same time （3）名词+分词短语

?随着中国太空人的上天，一个由汉语和英语拼合成的新词已经开始在西方主流媒体流行. ?With the launch of China’s astronauts, a coinage, taikonaut composed of Chinese

and English, came on stream in the Western media.

正月十五元宵夜，街上挂着各式各样，精巧的灯笼。

?On the evening of the Lantern Festival, the 15th of the first lunar month, exquisite

lanterns of diverse designs are hung along the streets.

（4）名词+定语从句修饰语（that/which/who/whose/when/where)

五、状语的位置

1. 他每晚都在图书馆认真学习英语。

He studies English diligently in the library every evening.

2. 设在位于纽约市中心一座摩天大楼地四十层楼里的那间办公室，就是他工作的小天地。

The office on the 40th floor of a skyscraper in the center of New York City is the world where he works.

六、句子重心转移

1. 下次会要讨论什么，你给我们透透风吧？

Will you give us some idea of what will be discussed at the next meeting?

2.凡是有钱的单身汉，必想娶位太太，这是举世公认的真理。

It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.

3.大街上奔跑着各种品牌的汽车。

Cars of different brands run along the streets.

4.他的计划虽然无懈可击，却不能付诸实施。

His plan is impracticable though invulnerable.

5.晚上我们从中国大使馆回旅馆的时候，天已经完全黑了。

It was already dark when we were on our way to the hotel from the Chinese embassy.

七、长句翻译

（1）长句翻译：原序对译

当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不让时间白白浪费掉。

As long as he is living, he works and studies as hard as possible, unwilling to idle away his time.

他们中有一半是近五年才来到温哥华的，这使得温哥华成为亚洲外最大的中国人聚居地。

Half of them have come to Vancouver over the past five years, making it the largest Chinese settlement outside Asia.

（2）长句翻译：分句合译

一个人的生命有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？

Could there be any standards to evaluate the meaning of one’s life?

因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界隔绝的。这种隔绝状态，由于通讯工具不足，就变得更加严重了。

The state of isolation of rural areas resulted from distance and lack of transport facilities is worsened by the paucity（shortage/scarcity) of communication means.

（3）长句翻译：断句分译

去年八月那场使七个国家遭受极大损失的来势凶猛的龙卷风已经引起全球科学家的高度重视。

The fierce tornado in last August has aroused great concern among the scientist throughout the world. Seven countries suffered a great loss from the tornado.

特殊及常见句型翻译

一、汉英拟人法对比与翻译

宗教不得干预政治。

It is impermissible/unallowable to interfere with politics in the name of religion.

世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。