金山中学2017-2018年度高三第一学期期末考试题
英语科
命题人：黄晴 黄宝荧
本试卷共三部分，满分135分（120×1.125）。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必分别将答题卷上的姓名、考试号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写，用2B铅笔将考试号对应的信息点涂黑。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
第一部分: 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Welcome to Washington, D.C.
Every year, Washington, D.C. welcomes sixteen million people as visitors to her city. As the nation’s capital city, there are hundreds of attractions to visit. Here are some of the most famous ones.
Washington Monument
The Washington Monument rises 555 feet, following the design of architect Robert Mills, a famous American designer of the 1840s. Construction of the monument began in 1848, but was not completed until 1884, almost 30 years after Mr. Mills’ death. This delay in construction was due to the American Civil War.
Constitution Avenue and 15th Street, NW Washington, DC 20560 (202) 426-6841
U.S. Capitol
The cast-iron dome(圆顶屋) of the United States Capitol, constructed between 1855 and 1866, may well be the most famous man-made landmark in America. The United States Capitol is open to visitors from Monday to Saturday through much of the year, including Federal holidays.
First Street, NE Washington, DC (202) 224-3121
The White House
The White House, is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States. The West Wing houses the President’s office. The East Wing, which contains additional office space, was added to the White House in 1942.
6th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20565 (202) 737-4215
World War II Memorial
The World War II Memorial was opened to the public on April 29, 2004 as a service to the World War II generation. The Memorial is a tribute to the World War II generation to those who served in uniform as
well as those who worked in the nation factories and mines manufacturing necessary supplies. The Memorial takes its place between the Lincoln Memorial and Washington Monument.
17th Street and Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20006 (202) 619-7225
21. When did Robert Mills probably die? A. In 1800 B. In 1848 C. In 1855 D. In 1884 22. On what day is the United States Capitol not open to visitors? A. Sunday B. Monday C. Tuesday D. Saturday 23. Which of the following attractions has the shortest history? A. The Washington Monument B. The United States Capitol C. The White House D. The World War II Memorial
B
Everyone can try his best to achieve. We don’t need to be the best, but to tough out the limits of what we are capable of. I gained this belief from my third grade teacher, the most special, honored, trustworthy, and loved person in my life.
Mr. Myrus was always perfectly dressed and spoke with the belief that talking to eight-year-olds didn’t mean he had to sacrifice proper statements or grammars. And he was demanding but he wasn’t unreasonable or cruel. He simply felt that no matter what your best was, you should achieve it.
As luck would have it, I met him again as my eighth grade math teacher. I was not, nor ever will be, gifted in math. I remember my struggles in class. “I don’t know the answer,” I would say, “I can’t do it!” “Perhaps you don’t know the answer,” he would say quietly. “Do you think we might figure it out together? How do you know what you can do until you try?”
Mr. Myrus lived around the corner, and I would often stop by to talk while he worked in his garden. I knew there was someone who let me know that if I had really tried, that was enough.
“Don’t be so hard on yourself,” he’d say. “Stop blaming yourself. Did you try your best? Well, then you’re not a failure,” he often told me these words.
Mr. Myrus died in 1978. I had never thought about his death. He was too young. I felt sorry.
But when I think about him now, I don’t feel so sorry. He taught me to be kind, not only to others, but to myself. He taught me my own value. He taught me about honor, about truth, and about doing my best — and that all feelings and beliefs have dignity and deserve respect. And of all the things I know, this I believe: We can’t all be “the best”, but we can, each of us, be our best, and I know that’s true because Mr. Myrus told me that.
24. What can we learn about Mr. Myrus according to the passage? A. He is usually hard on the students.
B. He is responsible for his students and his teaching.
C. He is a person who isn’t particular about what he wears. D. He sometimes is cruel and unreasonable to his students.
25. What does the underlined word “demanding” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Strict. B. Serious. C. Critical. D. Careful. 26. Why did the author think he was a lucky dog? A. He had got a great belief from his teacher.
B. Mr. Myrus had been his teacher for eight years.
C. He became interested in math because of Mr. Myrus. D. He developed a good relationship with Mr. Myrus. 27. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. Mr. Myrus thought it very easy to learn math. B. The author preferred other subjects to math. C. The author was ashamed to admit his poor math. D. Mr. Myrus helped the author build up his confidence.
C
Self-driving vehicles will rely on cameras, sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize and respond to road and traffic conditions, but sensing is the most effective for objects and movement in the neighborhood of the vehicle. Not everything important in a car’s environment will be caught by the vehicle’s camera. Another vehicle approaching at high speed on a collision (碰撞) track might not be visible until it’s too late. This is why vehicle-to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research shows that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are considerable.
Applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication range from vehicles driving together in a row, to safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles. Vehicles could alert each other to avoid collisions or share notices about passers-by and bicycles.
From as far as several hundred meters away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside units (RSUs) about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network. A high level of AI seems required for such vehicles, not only to self-drive from A to B, but also to react intelligently to messages received. Vehicles will need to plan, reason and adapt in the light of information received in real time and to carry out cooperative behaviors. For example, a group of autonomous vehicles might avoid a route together because of potential risks, or a vehicle could decide to drop someone off earlier due to messages received, a foreseen crowding ahead.
Further applications of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behavior.
28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The reasons for the accidents by self-driving vehicles. B. The research about applications for self-driving vehicles.
C. The importance of artificial intelligence of self-driving vehicles.
D. The reasons for developing communication between self-driving vehicles. 29. What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Alarm. B. Condemn. C. Ignore. D. Govern. 30. What can we learn about roadside units (RSUs)? A. They classify the vehicles on the road. B. They can improve bad road conditions. C. They take over the passing vehicles. D. They serve as efficient information stations. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. When do vehicles communicate?
B. The reasons why a high level of AI is important C. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication is coming
D. What do applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication need?
D
Crying is one of the rawest human emotions. We cry when we can’t hold inside what we feel. We cry when we’re at our best, and when we’re at our worst. By we, I mean all of us — men included.
But we never see other men cry. In no western culture has it ever been acceptable for men to shed more than a single tear, and even then it’s reserved for grand victories, defeats and deaths. Dutch research suggests that women cry between three and five times more than men. Generally men and women cry over the same things — deaths, break-ups and homesickness, primarily, but researchers believe that men cry more often than women when it comes to positive events.
I want to admit, I’m a bit of a cryer. However, having never really experienced deaths in my life, a few weeks ago I experienced what it means to really, truly, pour my heart out in tears.
See, my dog — a loyal companion — was killed by a car right outside my house. Being a witness to this painful event left me in shock for a good hour, but then the floodgates opened. Over the next 48 hours, I might have cried 20 times. Once or twice I crouched (蹲) on the floor with my head in my hands and tears were the only outlet.
It is suggested in the book Adult Crying: A Biopsychosocial Approach that there’s a certain pleasure in crying. It helps ease stress when there is no other way to express ourselves.
In those days after my dog’s death, I remember thinking, “I’ve got to stop this crying”. It felt unmanly. It felt like a sign of weakness. I’ve since realized that tears are for everybody; they’re not gender-specific. They show we have sympathy, allow us to get rid of stress and just feel. 32. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A. Crying is a raw human emotion. B. Crying is an emotion beyond control. C. Crying is an emotion showing sadness. D. Crying is an emotion showing happiness. 33. What’s the difference between men and women in crying according to Dutch research? A. They cry over different matters. B. They cry at different times of life. C. Women cry more often over deaths. D. Men are more likely to have tears of joy. 34. What does the author think of his crying over his dog’s death? A. A sign of strength. B. A sign of weakness. C. Behavior of being womanish. D. A way of reducing emotional stress. 35. What’s the best title for the text? A. Men, never cry like women B. Men, it’s OK to cry sometimes
C. Crying solves psychological problems
D. Crying explains differences between men and women
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Type of College is Right for You?
When deciding what colleges to apply for, you may feel stressed about what type of campus you want to live and study on. 36 Do you want to know everybody at your school, or are you looking for more of a college town experience where you meet new people every day?
37 Are you looking for a liberal art(文科) school or a more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) focused college? Maybe you want to attend a school more specific to what you may
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