第一部分 必修四 Unit 4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)导学号 42492420
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable；therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
文章大意：文章介绍了沉默在不同文化里所代表的含义以及沉默的治疗价值等内容。 1．What does the author say about silence in conversations？__C__ A．It implies anger. C．It is culture-specific.
B．It promotes friendship. D．It is content-based.
解析：根据第一段第三句“A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness，uneasiness，or worry”(某一谈话中的沉默可能也表示倔强、不安或者担忧)可知，silence in
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conversations具有文化特异性。故选C。
2．Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought？__A__ A．The Chinese. C．The Mexicans.
B．The French. D．The Russians.
解析：根据第二段中的“Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing”可知，中国人可能认为一个人在谈话时突然停顿是希望听话人去仔细思考。故选A。
3．What does the author advise nurses to do about silence？__D__ A．Let it continue as the patient pleases. B．Break it while treating patients. C．Evaluate its harm to patients. D．Make use of its healing effects.
解析：根据最后一段，尤其是最后一句“A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures”可知，护士应该充分利用沉默的治愈价值。故选D。
4．What may be the best title for the text？__B__ A．Sound and Silence C．Silence to Native Americans
B．What It Means to Be Silent D．Speech Is Silver；Silence Is Gold
解析：通读全文可知，文章介绍了沉默在不同文化里所代表的含义，故选B。文章未谈及Sound，所以A项不对；文章虽谈到了Silence to Native Americans，但这不是文章的中心内容，故排除C项；文章未涉及Speech Is Silver的内容，所以D项也不对。
B
(2016·大连市第二十高级中学高三月考)导学号 42492421
The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately.In the past, people preferred a hand-written application letter.However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet.You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs.Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.
The importance of body language is often mentioned，but doesn't always get the attention it
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deserves.After all，before a word has even been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you.Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information.Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self-confident.It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not.Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time.The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won't only be oral.The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it! Body language will determine first if it “clicks”， and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds.Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious(下意识的) level.Using body language appropriately，you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job.
文章大意：本文主要介绍了如何找工作及面试时体态语的重要性。 5．What kind of people is the text mainly meant for？__B__ A．Interviewers. C．Employers.
B．Job-hunting people. D．Lay-off workers.
解析：推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如何找工作及面试时体态语的重要性，很明显是写给找工作的人，故选B。
6．We can learn from the first paragraph that__D__. A．hand-written letters are not used in finding a job B．the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better C．body language is more important than spoken words D．the Internet is of significance in applying for a job
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容特别是最后两句可知，网络对于找工作是非常重要的，故选D。
7．Using body language well in a job interview will probably__C__. A．get rid of the interviewers' prejudice B．determine what position one will get C．increase the possibility to get the wanted job D．help one remove nervousness
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，体态语用得好会增加找到理想工作的机会，故选C。
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8．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？__C__ A．Those using body language are usually confident. B．Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting. C．Body language is a mirror to reflect one's personality. D．People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.
解析：推理判断题。通过第二段的内容，特别是第四、五、六句可知，体态语可以体现人的个性，故选C。其他三项文中并未提及，故排除。
Ⅱ.七选五导学号 42492422
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
(2017·巴蜀中学月考)
It's natural to greet friends with a smile and a wave.__1.F__But what happens if your face and body send mixed messages? Would someone be more likely to believe the look on your face or the way you hold your body?
Scientists have recently talked these questions.They found that when a person is looking at your face，she might not believe what she sees if your body language doesn't match the feeling that your face shows.__2.A__Previously，they had found that the tone of a person's voice can be more important than the words that are spoken.For example，most people tend not to believe a person who says in a flat voice，“I'm so excited.”
When it came to emotions conveyed by facial expressions and body language，most scientists suspected that the face was more important.To test if this was true，psychologists from the Netherlands and Boston showed people a number of pictures of isolated faces and isolated bodies (with faces blurred out(模糊的) ) that showed anger or fear.__3.G__An angry face had low eyebrows and tight lips.A scared face bad high eyebrow and a slightly mouth.__4.D__A scared body had arms forward and shoulders square，as if ready to defend.
These results told the researchers that mixed signals can confuse people.Even when people pay attention to the face，body language subtly influences which emotion they read.
__5.B__If you want to be understood，it helps to avoid sending mixed messages. A．Studying such mixed messages is nothing new for scientists. B．So，your body language is important for telling people how you feel. C．Scientists feel new to study the mixed message that confuses people. D．An angry body had arms back and shoulders at an angle，as if ready to fight. E．Body language can sometimes be misunderstood in different culture backgrounds. F．When you do this，your face and body work together to show your friends that you're happy
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