可数名词和不可数名词知识点及练习题

名词的用法

可数名词

(一) 定义：能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西。可数名词变成复数形式规则变化 一般情况下，直接在词尾+s: book→books, pencil→pencils. (二) 规则变化 词性特点 大多数可数名词 在词尾加-s. book— books dog — dogs tree — trees glass — glasses dish— dishes watch — watches box— boxes Negro — Nigroes hero — heroes tomato — tomatoes potato — potatoes photo — photos knife — knives leaf — leaves thief — thieves story — stories city — cities baby — babies 注意：boy — boys toy — toys key — keys (三) 不规则变化 man — men 男人 woman — women 妇女 tooth — teeth 牙齿 foot — feet 脚 有些名词的单复数形式相同

deer — deer 鹿 sheep — sheep绵羊

Chinese — Chinese 中国人 Japanese — Japanese 日本人 (四) 特殊的复数形式的名词

由两部分构成的东西的名词，总以复数形式出现，如：glasses眼镜，trousers裤子， socks 袜子，clothes衣服等。若表达具体数目，要借助量词 pair对/双，suit套等。 a pair of glasses, two pairs of socks (五)可数名词的特点

(1) 有单复数：one desk, two chairs, many birds。

(2) 可以用不定冠词a/an、数词、many, some, any, a lot of, lots of等词修饰：an apple, three pictures, some students。

(3) 单数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式；复数名词做主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。 ① There is a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一支笔。

② There are some students in the classroom. 教室里有一些学生。

在浊辅音和元音后面读[z],在清辅音后面读[s] 读[iz] 以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词 在词尾加-es 以o结尾的名词 加-es或加-s. 读[z] 以f 或fe 结尾的名词 以辅音字母加y 结尾名词 先把f 改为v,再加–es 先把y 改为i,再加-es 读[vz] 读[z]

(4) 在特殊疑问句中，用how many修饰可数名词

There are three pens on the desk. (对划线部分提问) →How many pens are there on the desk?

不可数名词

(一)定义：不能以数目计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的

东西，如water, tea, bread等。它没有复数概念，它的前面不能用补丁冠词a/an. 表特指时可用定冠词the修饰。

① Water is very important to life. 水对生命来说十分重要。 ② The bread on the table is Mark’s. 桌子上的面包师Mark的。 (二)特点

(1) 不可数名词前面可以有much, a little, a lot of等修饰词：much bread, a little tea (2) 不可数名词不能用数词修饰，需要借助单位词来表示数量：

a piece of paper 一张纸， a piece of bread一片面包，a cup of tea一杯茶 (3) 不可数名词变复数：量词变复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数 two pieces of bread 两片面包， three cups of tea 三杯茶 (4) 对不可数名词的修饰词提问，疑问词用how much. There is some milk in the glass. (对划线部分提问) →How much milk is there in the glass?

练习：

一、根据句意及所给单词填空。

1. ________(this) are my English books.

2. My aunt Jane and my mother are ___________(sister). 3. I have two ___________(watch). They are on the desk. 4. I have some __________(photo) of my family. 5. Do you like these ____________(dictionary)? 6. Those are _________(bus).

7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.

8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow. 二、选择填空：

1. —Mom, I want___. ——Here you are.

A. a bread B. a piece of bread C. some breads D.breads 2. The _____ has two ______.

A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 3. There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table.

A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss

4. —_____apples do we need to make fruit salad? —Let me think...We need three apples. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How many

5. \ A. oranges B. potato C. tomatoes. 6. Would you like _____ to eat now?

A. some B. anything C. something D. thing 7. I'm so hungry. Please give me _____ to eat.

A. three bread B. three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads

一、 these, sisters, watches, photos, buses, tomatoes, leaves 二、 1-5 BCCDC 6-7CB