奥美拉唑治疗小儿上消化道出血疾病的临床效果及安全性分析

奥美拉唑治疗小儿上消化道出血疾病的临床效果及安全性分析

[摘要] 目的 观察分析奥美拉唑治疗小儿上消化道出血疾病的临床效果及安全性。 方法 将我院在2014年3月～2015年2月收治的110例小儿上消化道出血疾病的患儿作为研究对象，采用随机数字法分为对照组55例和观察组55例，对照组采用西咪替丁治疗，观察组采用奥美拉唑治疗，比较两组患儿的治疗效果、临床症状改善时间、止血时间、住院时间及不良反应的发生情况。 结果 观察组总有效率为94.6%，对照组总有效率为80.0%，观察组总有效率明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组患儿的临床症状改善时间、止血时间、住院时间明显短于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组不良反应发生率为5.5%，对照组不良反应发生率为18.2%，观察组患儿不良反应发生率明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 奥美拉唑治疗小儿上消化道出血疾病的临床效果显著，有效改善患儿的临床症状，且不良反应发生率低，安全可靠，值得在临床上应用及推广。

[关键词] 奥美拉唑；小儿上消化道出血；安全性 [中图分类号] R725.7 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2016）20-0081-04

[Abstract] Objective To observe and analyze the

clinical effects and safety of omeprazole in treatment of children with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods 110 children with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and who accepted treatments in our hospital from March 2014 to February 2015 were taken as the research objects， and were randomly divided into the control group of 55 cases and the observation group of 55 cases by the random number method. In the control group were treated with the cimetidine while in the observation group were treated with the omeprazole. Then， the treatment effect， the improvement time of clinical symptoms， hemostasis time， hospitalization time and the incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 94.6%， and the total effective rate in the control group was 80.0%，while the total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）； The improvement of the clinical symptoms time，hemostasis time， hospitalization time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group， the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）；

In addition，the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 5.5%，and the incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 18.2%，while the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical effect of omeprazole in treatment of children with upper gastrointestinal bleeding are significant，which can effectively improve the patients of clinical symptoms， and the incidence of adverse reactions is low， safety and reliable，thus it is worthy to be applied and promoted in the clinical.

[Key words] Omeprazole； Children with upper gastrointestinal bleeding； Safety

小儿消化道出血是临床上常见的高危疾病，该病起病急，病情发展速度快，短时间内可发生大出血，导致引发多种并发症，若不及时进行止血，大量出血引起患儿失血性休克，甚至死亡，严重威胁着患儿的生命安全[1]。抑酸制剂可以有效控制小儿消化道出血，抑酸剂能减少胃酸的分泌，达到快速止血的效果，奥美拉唑是一种质子泵抑制剂，能有效抑制胃酸的分泌，近年来，临床上常被用来治疗上消化道出血疾病[2]。为了研究奥美拉唑在

治疗小儿上消化道出血疾病的临床效果及安全性，本文通过对我院接受治疗的患儿采取奥美拉唑治疗，对治疗结果进行分析，现报道如下。 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料

将我院在2014年3月～2015年2月收治的110例小儿上消化道出血疾病的患儿作为研究对象，排除患儿对此研究药物过敏；因其他原因引起的出血者；患有甲状腺疾病、幽门梗阻、肿瘤、血友病；合并有严重的心、肝、肾、肺等重要脏器工作障碍。采用随机数字法分为对照组55例和观察组55例，对照组男30例，女25例，年龄2～12岁，平均（4.6±2.3）岁，病程2～11 h，平均（7.3±1.8）h；其中胃溃疡16例，十二指肠溃疡19例，应激性溃疡8例，慢性溃疡12例；出血量<500 mL的有14例，500～1000 mL的有32例，出血量>1000 mL的有9例；呕血19例，黑便28例，既呕血又黑便8例。观察组男29例，女26例，年龄3～12岁，平均（4.9±2.1）岁，病程3～11 h，平均（7.2±1.9）h；其中胃溃疡17例，十二指肠溃疡21例，应激性溃疡6例，慢性溃疡11例；出血量<500 mL的有15例，500～1000 mL的有33例，出血量>1000 mL的有7例；呕血18例，黑便27例，既呕血又黑便10例。两组患儿在性别、年龄、病程等一般资料进行比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具有可比性。