Book5 Unit5 First Aids 词汇学案
1. aid vt/n 帮助，援助，资助
vt. 帮助，援助，资助 aid sb.to do sth. aid sb in doing/with sth. e.g I aided her to continue her study. =I aided her___ ________ her study. =I aided her _____her study. 翻译：他们被指控帮助他偷钱。
They _____ _______ _____ ________ him in __________ money. n. first aid 急救 a hearing aid 助听器
with the aid of/with sb’s aid 在…的帮助下
in aid of 用以援助...; 作为援助...之用 collect money in aid of the poor come /go to sb.’s aid 前来/去援助某人 give/ offer aid to sb. 给予帮助
翻译：With the aid of my family, I finally realize my dream.
__________________________________________________________
2. fall ill 生病
翻译： The students fall ill when the flu breaks out.__________________________________ 拓展：
fall ________ 入睡 fall_______ 跌落，掉下
fall ________ 落后 fall________摔倒 fall ____ ______ 喜欢上
3. bleed vi. & vt. 流血 根据语境猜词义
A. 出血，流血了 B. 为国家、正义等流血、牺牲 C. (对人)勒索、敲诈钱财 D. 为……感到难过 F. 抽取释放(空气或液体)
(1) His colleague always bleeds me for every coins I have. （ ） (2) Doctors used to bleed people when they were ill. （ ） (3) He was slowly bleeding to death. （ ）
(4) We'll never forget those who bled for the revolution. （ ） (5) My heart bleeds for those poor unhappy children. （ ） 扩展：blood n. 血；血液 bloody adj. 血淋淋的
4．choke vi. & vt. 噎住；窒息
e.g. He _____ when he had lunch. 他吃饭时噎到了。 翻译：烟雾几乎让我窒息。
_________________________________________________
扩展：choke sb. to death 使…窒息死亡，掐死 … choke on a fish 鱼刺卡在喉咙里
choke with anger 气得说不出话 choke(hold) back one’s tears 忍住泪水 choke one’s feelings 抑制感情 choked up with traffic 交通堵塞
5. poison
判断下列句子中poison的词性和词义
1）Some mushrooms contain a deadly poison. （ ） 2）Some games are poison to teenagers. （ ） 3）Gas from cars are poisoning the air. （ ） 4）Someone tried to poison our dog. （ ） 5）Someone tried to poison our dog’s food. （ ） 拓展： poisonous adj. 有毒的
6.variety un.变化，多样化，多变性
翻译：他不喜欢这份工作，因为它单调无味。
___________________________________________________________ cn. 种类，品种
翻译： There are varieties of vegetables on the market.__________________________________ Many students are late for school, for a variety of reasons.
__________________________________________________ 短语：a variety of / varieties of 各种各样的；种种的
the variety of ……的种类
拓展：various adj. 各种各样的 vary v. 不同
7.squeeze vi. & vt. 榨; 挤; 压榨
e.g. He was so fat that he could only just squeeze through the door. 他太胖了仅能挤过门。 squeeze out 榨出， 挤出
翻译：I squeezed out my wet clothes. ________________________________ 短语： squeeze sth out of/from sth 从…中榨取
squeeze money from sb 向某人勒索钱财
8. over and over again反复；多次 = over and over = again and again
翻译： 老师要求学生应反复朗读课文。 （demand）
__________________________________________________________________________
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9.in place 在适当的位置， 适当
e.g. She likes everything _______________ before she starts work.
她喜欢东西摆好了再开始工作。
短语：out of place不在适当的位置， 不适当
in place of 代替 = _____ _____ ______ _______ in the place of 在…的地方 take place 发生
e.g Her criticisms were quite_________________. 她的批评太不相宜了
Let me go ____ ______ ______ you. 让我替你去。 10. vital adj. 至关重要的，生死攸关的 短语：be vital to / for… 对…极其重要
It's vital to do sth. 做某事极其重要
It‘s vital that… ……至关重要 (should＋动词原形，should可省略) 完成句子
1）Your suppport ________________(对…重要)the success of my plan. 2）It’s vital that we ______(begin )to work in an instant. 单项填空
( )It's vital ______ at least a foreign language at college. A. that you will master B. you master C. for you master D. to master
11.pour vt，vi 倒，灌 根据语义找匹配：
A. 倒，灌，注 B. 倾注；大量投入；大量生产
C. 倾吐，诉说 D. 倾泻，涌流 E. (雨)倾盆而降 (1)She poured herself another cup of tea. （ ）
(2)They have poured money into the tourist industry. （ ） (3)Tears were pouring down her face. （ ）
(4)The thunder and lightning stopped，but it continued to pour. （ ） (5)She often pours her troubles to friends. （ ）
短语： pour…into 朝……里面倒…… pour out of 涌出
pour sb. water / wine 给某人倒水 / 酒 pour (down) 雨水如注，倾盆大雨 pour cold water on sth. 给……泼冷水
12. put one’s hands on 找到
e.g. I know their address is here somewhere, but I can’t_________________(找到) it now. 13.treat vt ,vi 治疗，对待，款待
短语：treat …as 把……当作……看
treat sb. to sth. 请某人某物 treat…with… 用……来处理、治疗…… 完成句子
His father ______ my advice _______ a joke. 他父亲把他的建议当玩笑。
She_________ each of the children______an ice cream. 她请每个孩子吃了一个冰激凌。 拓展： treatment n. 待遇，处理，治疗 treatable adj. 能处理的
14. apply
vi. 申请，请求
apply to sb for sth.
apply for a job/post/passport/loan
They have applied ____ the government______medical help. 他们向政府申请医疗援助。 Though he is very poor, he applied _____ a loan to finish his study.
vt. 涂，敷, 搽 Please apply the scream to your face to protect from sunburn. vt. 应用，使用
翻译：Scientists apply the new invention to their work.
________________________________________________ 短语：apply oneself to… 勤奋，专心于, 致力于……
=___________ ___________
He applied himself ______________（learn）French. 他致力于学习法语。
We must apply our minds ___________(find) solution. 我们要动动脑筋找出解决的办法来。 扩展： application n. 申请，申请书，应用 applicant n. 申请者，投保人
15. pressure n. 压力，挤压，压迫感
短语： under the pressure of 在……的压力下，为……所逼
put pressure on sb. 对……施加压力
( )Life is tough. In order to lose their __________， some people drink alcohol. A. temper B. mood C. consciousness D. pressure
拓展：press n. 报刊；新闻界；记者们；通讯社； 新闻舆论；报刊评论
v. 按，压，挤；
16. make a difference 区别对待，有影响，起作用
make a (some, any, no, etc) difference 有（一些，没有什么）区别
e.g. It__________________（没区别） to you whether I like it or not, because you never listen to me. It doesn’t___________________（区别） to me where you come from
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