Unit1 The power of Language
Text A Critical Reading 一、单词和短语词组
Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement.
1.critical [?kr?t?kl] adj 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的 2.apply to 使用；应用 3.non-fiction 纪实文学 4.put forth提出;产生
5.position 观点，态度，立场 6.statement 说明，说法，表态
Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying. 1.involve [?n?v?lv] 及物动词 包含; 使参与，牵涉; 围绕，缠绕; 使专心于; 2.question 动词 表示疑问；怀疑 questioning 形容词 怀疑的
3.evaluate 动词 估计；评价；评估 evaluating 是evaluate 的现在分词 evaluation 名词 评估
Consider the context of what is written.
context [英][?k?ntekst]n.语境; 上下文; 背景; 环境; 复数：contexts
In either case ,you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.
不论哪种情况，你必须能搞清楚同时好好考虑你的价值观和态度与作者的不同之处。
1.recognize[英][?rek?gna?z] vt.承认; 识别; 认出;
vi.承认，确认; [法律]具结，立保证书;
第三人称单数：recognizes过去分词：recognized现在进行时：recognizing过去式：recognized
2.take into account ：考虑到，顾及到 3.value[英][?v?lju:]
n.价值，价格; 意义，涵义; 重要性; （邮票的）面值; vt.评价; 重视，看重; 估价，给?定价;
第三人称单数：values过去分词：valued复数：values现在进行时：valuing过去式：valued
4、represent[英][?repr??zent]
Vt.描述，表现，象征; 代表，代理; 扮演; 作为示范; vi.代表; 提出异议;
第三人称单数：represents过去分词：represented现在进行时：representing过
去式：represented 5.attitude[英][??t?tju:d]
n.态度; 看法; 姿势; 个人风格; 复数：attitudes
Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. 1.assertion[英][??s?:?n]
n.主张; 声称; 使用; 明确肯定; 复数：assertions 2.sufficient[英][s??f??nt]
adj.足够的; 充足的; 充分的;
sufficiently adv.足够地，充分地; 十分，相当;
Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also , look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities. 1.statistic[英][st??t?st?k]
n.统计量; 统计资料中的一项; （一项）统计数据; （对总体具有代表性的）典型统计论;
adj.统计（上）的，统计学（上）的; 复数：statistics
2.integrate[英][??nt?gre?t]
vt.使一体化; 使整合; 使完整; 使结合成为整体; vi.成为一体; 结合在一起; 合并; [数学]作积分运算; adj.整体的; 完整的; 完全的; 综合的;
第三人称单数：integrates过去分词：integrated现在进行时：integrating过去式：integrated
3.authority[英][?:?θ?r?ti]
n.权威; 权力; 学术权威; [复数]当权者; 复数：authorities
Look to see that what is written is consistent with what others have written about the subject. If there are inconsistencies,carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies. 1.consistent[英][k?n?s?st?nt]
adj.一致的; 连续的; 不矛盾的; 坚持的;
最高级：most consistent比较级：more consistent consistently 副词自始至终 be consistent with 与~相符合 2.inconsistency[英][??nk?n's?st?ns?]
n.不一致，不协调; 前后矛盾，不一贯; 复数：inconsistencies
Analyze assumptions made by the author. assumption[英][??s?mp?n]
n.假定，假设; 承担; 想当然; 采取; 复数：assumptions
Once you identify an assumption ,you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid. identify[英][a??dent?fa?]
Vt.找到，发现。确定; 识别，认出; 使参与; 把?看成一样; vi.确定; 认同;
第三人称单数：identifies过去分词：identified现在进行时：identifying过去式：identified
valid[英][?v?l?d]
adj.有效的; 有法律效力的; 正当的; 健全的; 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的
Einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark
achievements in physics . Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry.
1.credible[英][?kred?bl]
adj.可信的，可靠的; （因看似可能成功而）可接受的; 2.landmark 里程碑 3.relevant[英][?rel?v?nt]
adj.有关的，中肯的; 相关联的; 确切的; 有重大意义[作用]的，实质性的; be relevant to 与~相关的
4.poetry[英][?p???tri]n.诗，诗歌; 诗意，诗情; 作诗; 诗歌艺术;
For example，studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in Physics.
1.appropriate[英][??pr??pri?t] adj.适当的; 合适的; 恰当的; v.盗用; 侵吞; 拨（专款等） ; 第三人称单数：appropriates过去分词：appropriated现在进行时：appropriating过去式：appropriated 2.current[英][?k?r?nt]
adj.现在的; 最近的; 流行的; 流传的; n.趋势; 电流; 水流; 涌流; 复数：currents 3.state[英][ste?t]
n.国家; 州; 状况，情况; 资格; vt.规定; 陈述，声明;
adj.国家的; 国务的，公务的; 正式的;
第三人称单数：states过去分词：stated复数：states现在进行时：stating过去式：stated
A written discussion of American politics will likely look considerably different on whether the writer is a Democrat or a Republican. What is written may very well reflect a biased position. You need to take this possible bias into account when reading what the author has written. That is ,take what is written with“a grain of salt”
1.politics[英][?p?l?t?ks]n.政治; 政治事务; 政治观点; 权术; 2. considerably[英][k?n?s?d?r?bli]adv.相当，非常，颇; 3.Democrat 民主党党员 4.republican[英][r??p?bl?k?n]
adj.共和国的; 共和政体的; 共和主义的; <美>共和党员; n.拥护共和政体者，共和主义者; <美>共和党的; 5.reflect[英][r??flekt]
vt.& vi.反射（光、热、声或影像）; 考虑; vt.反射，反照; 表达; 显示; 折转; vi.反射; 映出; 深思熟虑; 慎重表达;
第三人称单数：reflects过去分词：reflected现在进行时：reflecting过去式：reflected
6.biased[英][?ba??st]
adj.有偏见的; 有偏的; 结果偏倚的; v.使存偏见(bias的过去式和过去分词); bias[英][?ba??s]
n.偏见; 偏爱，爱好; 倾向; 斜纹;
vt.使倾向于; 使有偏见; 影响; 加偏压于; adj.斜纹的; 斜的，倾斜的; 斜裁的; adv.偏斜地，倾斜地; 对角地;
第三人称单数：biases过去分词：biased复数：biases现在进行时：biasing过去式：biased
7.a grain of salt 有保留地；持怀疑态度地
By being a critical reader ,you will become better informed and change your views as appropriate. 1.informed[英][?n?f?:md]
adj.了解情况的; 见多识广的; 有情报根据的; 消息灵通的; v.告诉( inform的过去式和过去分词); (inform oneself)使了解; 2.as appropriate适当的
Don’t accept what is written at face value.
accept/take~at face value 相信表面，信以为真
二、KEY SENTENCES
In either case ,you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.
不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态
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