做题破万卷，下笔如有神
2017—2018学年度下学期省六校协作体高二联合考试
英语试题
命题学校：凤城一中 命题人：高二英语组 校对人：高二英语组
第 I 卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节， 满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Life in space will certainly take some getting used to! But the space station has been designed to keep the astronauts as comfortable as possible—the modules(舱) are roomy，bright，and kept at a constant 21°C. It’s important the crew members are comfortable because they’ll be busy aboard the station. In a typical workday，crew members will spend 14 hours working and exercising, 1.5 hours preparing and eating meals，and 8.5 hours sleeping. Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station： Food
Come mealtime, astronauts will have a special dining kitchen. Space food just keeps getting better—and more like food we enjoy here on Earth. In early space missions, astronauts could eat only freeze-dried food that didn’t require any preparation. But the space station is equipped with water, microwave ovens, and refrigerators, allowing the folks on board to eat more ―normal‖ types of food, including fruit, vegetables, and ice cream! Sleep
Each crew member has a private room. With no gravity, they’ll need to tie themselves to their beds, or they will float away！That might sound like a strange way to sleep, but astronauts from past space missions report that sleeping in space is actually pretty great! Exercise
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做题破万卷，下笔如有神
You might not think it, but exercise is even more important on the station than it is on Earth. There is not much gravity in space. Astronauts don’t stand up, sit down or walk in space, so their muscles and bones don’t have to work much—and this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth. To fight this, astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes, rowing machines, and other equipment about two hours every day. Clothing
Astronauts will have to wear special space suits while traveling aboard the U.S. shuttle or Russian rockets. But once they’re safe inside the space station, crew members can wear regular clothing. Of course, a specially designed pressurized space suit is required for space walks. It has to bear flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes. It can range from -84 °C in the shadow of the station to 121°C in the hot sun. Personal Cleanliness
Simple tasks like brushing your teeth can be challenging in a weightless environment. A little water doesn’t flow in a stream. Astronauts will use a freshwater hose(软管) to take showers, shampoo，and wash off—then a second vacuum hose to suction(吸) off the dirty water. And how do you go to the bathroom in space? With a special ―air toilet‖ that uses flowing air instead of water to get rid of waste. 21. The text is mainly about ___________ A. ways to get used to life in space B. fun facts about life in space C. temperature changes in space D. a typical workday in space
22. What do we know about space food from the text? A. Astronauts could eat apples in space in the past B. Astronauts eat only fruit, vegetables and ice cream now. C. Space food is getting better now than before. D. Fresh food isn’t available to astronauts in space. 23. Why is exercise more important in space than on Earth? A. Because it can make astronauts feel relaxed in space.
天才出于勤奋
做题破万卷，下笔如有神
B. Because it can help astronauts spend their spare time happily. C. Because astronauts’ lives are more important in space than on Earth. D. Because it can prevent astronauts from causing muscle and bone loss. 24. What can be learned from the paragraph ―Clothing‖?
A. The temperature is quite different in different places in space. B. Astronauts wear pressurized space suits just to keep warm. C. Astronauts must wear special space suits all the time in space. D. Astronauts can wear regular clothing for space walks now.
B
It's 3 o'clock and you've been hard at work. As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn't. Here is another situation. Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.
Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way. Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain. They even call it simply ―stomach hunger.‖ When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone (荷尔蒙) sends a message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep. The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat. Hunger is a function of survival.
A craving is more complex. It activates (使活跃) brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward. These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies. Because of this, some scientists call food cravings ―mind hunger.‖ People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar. Foods that are high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain. These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.
In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that ―dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving.‖ So, the more you deny yourself a food that you want, the more you may crave it. However, fasting is a bit different. They found
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