四川省大竹县石河中学 蒋元平
短文改错专项讲解
附：2001—2010年全国1卷真题短文改错考点分布表
动词时态 动词语态 非谓语 主谓一致 副词 形容词 名词 代词 介词 冠词 关系/连接连词 并列连词 情态动词 行文逻辑 2010 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1（主语从句） 1 2009 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2008 1 2 1 1 1 2 2007 1 1 1 1 1 1 2（状从—问） 疑2006 1 2 1 2 1 1 2005 1 1 1 2 1 1 1状从 2004 1 1 1 1 3 2003 1 1 1 3 1 1 2002 1 1 1 1 2 1 1状从 2001 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1（状从） 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 短文改错口诀
名代数、动词形；时态语态要辨明；冠介缺错、还是省；形容词副词要分清； 非谓结构和句型；逻辑连词要理顺；成分意义要完整；特殊用法莫粗心。
一、名代数。是指：名词和代词的单复数形式是否正确；代词的指代是否一致；或者是名词、代词的形格错误。
1.I have a lot of homeworks to do. 将homeworks改为homework.
2.There are many apples trees in the garden. 将apples改为apple. 3.Today is Teacher’s Day. 将Teacher’s改为Teachers’ 4.I have many books and I like it.
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四川省大竹县石河中学 蒋元平
将it改为them.
5.My sister dressed her and enjoyed her very much. 将句中的两个her改为herself.
二、动词形，时态、语态要辨明。是指：谓语动词的主谓一致形式，谓语动词的时态、语态和语气的结构形式是否正确。
1.It was Sunday yesterday. We planned to plant trees in the country and we cycle there early at 8:00 am. 将cycle改为cycled.
2.He is likes English very much. 去掉is.
3.They built the bridge for 3 years. 在built前面加have.
4.Please tell me if it rains tomorrow. 将rains改为will rain.
5.Great changes have been taken place in our country. 去掉been.
6.It snowed heavily last night and the ground covered with a lot of snow. 在ground后加was.
7.I wish that I saw him yesterday. 将saw改为had seen.
三、冠介缺错、还是省。是指：句中是缺少冠词、介词呢？还是冠词、介词用错了？或者是冠词介词多了应该省去？ 1.This is book and that is pen. 在book前加a，在pen前加a.
2.Last weekend I met a old lady on the way to school. 将a改为an.
3.He likes singing and playing piano. 在piano前面加the.
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四川省大竹县石河中学 蒋元平
4.Each a week he goes to see his grandmother. 去掉a.
5.Jim has no room to live. 在live后面加in.
6.I know the answer of the question. 将of改为to.
7.On the way to home he met a traffic accident. 去掉to.
四、形容副词要分清。是指：一定要分清楚，句中到底该用形容词还是副词？是用原级呢？还是用比较级、最高级？
1.He is a carefully person and he always does things careful. 将carefully改为careful, 将careful改为carefully. 2.This book is beautiful than that one. 在is后面加more.
3.Lucy is friendly to others and she always works hardly. 将hardly改为hard.
五、非谓结构和句型。非谓是指非谓语动词的时态、语态、复合结构及用法错误，结构和句型是指固定短语和句型结构方面的错误。
1.This is an excited story and he is exciting to see it. 将excited改为exciting, 将exciting改为excited. 2.The boiling water is cool. 将boiling改为boiled.
3.Seeing from the hill, our school is very beautiful. 将Seeing改为Seen.
4.This is the problem that we would like to see settling in tomorrow’s meeting as soon as possible. 将settling改为settled. 5.It’s kind for you to help me.
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四川省大竹县石河中学 蒋元平
将for改为of.
6.You smoking is bad for your health. 将You改为Your.
7.There is no doubt whether he will come here. 将whether改为that.
8.A book to a teacher that a gun to a soldier. 将that改为what.
9.At last our teacher agreed to helping us. 将helping改为help.
六、逻辑连词要理顺。是指：要分清句子与句子以及上下文之间的逻辑联系，看看连词是否用错。
1.Peter is an American and he can’t speak English well. 将and改为but.
2.He runs very fast, but you can’t catch up with him. 将but改为so.
3.Though he is a little child, but he knows a lot. 去掉but.
七、句子成分要完整。是指：句子成分既不能重复累赘，也不能残缺不全。 1.This is the book that I am looking for it. 去掉it.
2.I feel easy to speak English. 在feel后面加it.
3.The problem is he can’t speak French. 在he前面加that.
八、特殊用法莫粗心。是指：英语中特殊的语法现象，在改错中必须要谨慎而小心应对。 1.The story is very worth reading. 将very改为well.
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