小学英语阅读解题技巧
阅读理解能力是一个学生英语语言能力的重要体现。小学英语阅读理解是小学英语的重要教学目标,也是小学英语测试的重要组成部分。把握小学英语阅读理解的解题技巧,对于解题具有重要的意义。 小学英语阅读理解的题型无外乎这么几种: (1) 阅读短文,判断正误; (2) 阅读短文,选择正确答案; (3) 阅读短文,回答问题; (4) 任务型阅读。
题型虽然较多,但是只要找到了阅读理解的技巧,解题并不困难。 例一:
阅读下列短文,并根据短文内容判断所给句子是否正确,正确的写“T”,错误的写“F”。
Mrs White has two children. John is seven. Ann is only three. John is a good brother. He is always very nice to his sister. One day in the afternoon, Mrs White was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and the two children were playing games in the garden. Suddenly, Ann began to cry and she ran to her mum in the kitchen. Mrs White asked, “What’s wrong with you, Ann?” “John broke(弄坏了)my toy bear,” Ann answered sadly. “How did he do it?” mum said. Ann stopped crying, and thought for a few seconds, “I hit(打)his head with it.” 判断正误:
( ) 1. John isn’t a good brother to his sister. ( ) 2. Ann is four years younger than John.
( )3.The two children played some games, and their mother was busy at home . ( ) 4. John broke Ann’s toy bear. ( ) 5. “sadly” means very happy.
在解答这篇短文的题目中,实际上可以采用下列技巧: 1.排除干扰,抓住关键信息。
阅读理解,不能为枝节信息所左右,要看主要信息。以第1小题为例,尽管短文最后说到了“John broke my toy bear.”,但是短文中的关键词是“always”,即“He is always very nice to his sister.”,更不用说是Ann先打了John的头。因此,答案一定是F。
2.适当运算,推导正确答案。
阅读理解题中,有不少题只要通过正确的运算,就能得出正确答案。以第2小题为例,短文告诉我们“John is seven. Ann is only three.”,因此,John就比Ann大4岁,显然题干“Ann is four years younger than John.”与事实正好相符,答案自然是T。
3.依据事实,进行逆向思维。
阅读理解题中,有些题目似是而非,关键看我们怎么根据事实进行分析。以第3小题为例,“and the two children were playing games in the garden”支持题干中的“The two children played some games”。问题的关键是,John和Ann的母亲是否是“busy”。短文中“Mrs White was cooking dinner in the kitchen”这句话总不能说Mrs White是在玩吧?因此,通过逆向思维,我们可以判断Mrs White是busy的。答案就不言自明了。
4.根据语境,进行逻辑推断。
阅读理解题中,有些题目很难一眼看出正确答案,尤其是类似任务型阅读的题目,第5小题便是如此。如何判断“sadly”的语义,关键要看我们能否根据语境进行逻辑推理。一个小女孩的玩具被他人搞坏了,她总不能开心吧?因此,“Ann answered sadly.”中的“sadly”一词的意思不可能是“开心的”,答案应为F。
当然,小学英语阅读理解的解题技巧远不止如此。我们将在以后的学习中继续加以讨论。
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