构思篇

Ⅰ. 如何构思作文 (what to say)

1. 确保内容恰当

指文章的内容和考题所要求的内容是相符的。

下面我来看一下2000年的考题，大家可以先读一下，找出关键词，然后进行分析。

Some people simply see education as going to schools or colleges, or as a means to secure good jobs; most people view education as a lifelong process. In your opinion, how important is education to modern man?

Write a composition of about 300 words on the following topic: DUCATION AS A LIFELONG PROCESS

2. 确保内容的充分

指提供足够的信息，足以解决读者心中的问题或者说服读者接受某一观点。

1)请大家比较下面两个段落，他们出自同一篇文章，第一段谈的是21世纪科技发展可能带来的好处，第二段谈的是科技可能带来的坏处。你认为哪一篇更说服力呢？

A． Since World War Ⅱ，science and technology have developed a great deal. In the

next century, this trend will undoubtedly continue. Science and technology will develop at a higher speed than over. This development will bring great benefits both to our everyday life and to our work. At the same time, it will also improve industrial and agriculture production.

B．However, everything has two sides. Advanced science and technology will also

bring us some problems. For example, with the wide adoption of automatic machines, more and more people will lose their jobs in the future. What will the government do with them?

2) 提示:如何保证内容充分，研究表明，在说明文和议论文中，作者经常使用的

论据可以分为七大类：

? ? ? ? ? ? ?

3) 2000年的题目是Education as a lifelong process,假如我们的作文要点之

一是Education is also very important for elder people,那我们如何使用这七种证据来支持它呢？（见打印资料）

3.力求立意深远

下面我们可以通过一个例子说明如何实现思想深度上的飞跃。这是一次写作课中要求同学就假货的危害发表自己的看法，讨论结果如下：

1. Fake products harm original brand holders. 2. Fake products harm consumers. 3. Fake products harm national economy. 4. Fake products harm social welfare.

5. Fake products harm national morality.

6. Fake products harm China’s international image. 请分析以上六点分别是从什么角度谈论问题的呢?

Ⅱ.作文结构要求 (how to say)

1. 三段论基本常识(见板书)

三段论的段落关系转向关键信息效果.(请学生记下板书)

2. 三段论各段结构解析

通过课堂阐述,可引导学生为各部分量身定做这样一种模版: Ａ。引言段模版:

STEP ONE 吸引注意力:可以用数字,问题,引语等

STEP TWO 引出文章话题:可以用开门见山式,收网式或者驳论式 STEP THREE 表达中心论点:由topic ＋ controlling idea构成

Ｂ.正文段模版 主题句：

表述本段的主要内容（I believe that interview can be very beneficial. ）

a. 第一组支持句：(Interview provides crucial information for both parties involved.) 表述主题句的第一种论据

b. 第二组支持句：(Interview offers a broad selection for both interviewers and interviewees.) 表述主题句的第二种论据

c. 第三组支持句：(Interview embodies an important principle of the modern society: fairness.) 表述主题句的第三种论据

段落结尾句：重述本段的主要内容。

C. 结论段模版

总结：采用直接总结法，首尾呼应法或者让步法重述上文的主要内容/最终评论：通过评论重要性，预测将来的发展，提出警告或者提出解决方法时对作文话题做简单的评论。

Ⅲ。语言篇

Ａ。衔接(课堂略讲，需要学生课后Ⅳ多看范文，反复体会。) 读下面文章两遍，要求第一遍不看阴影部分。

There are many reasons to account for the traffic problem in big cities in China. To begin with, people are producing cars at a higher speed than they are building roads. As a result, each car is sharing less traffic space than before though every city is building roads every year. Besides, as city life has come to be regarded as a better way of life, more and more people are coming to live here, and the exploding population puts more pressure on limited traffic resources, making the already crowded roads even worse. The most important reasons, however, is the bad driving manners of many drivers. They are impatient and not very aware of traffic rules. This type of driving not only slows down the general traffic speed, but also causes a lot of road accidents, rendering many roads paralyzed sometimes. In one word, traffic situation in big cities cannot see much improvement unless these three problems are properly dealt with.

Ｂ.正确与恰当

句子层面上常见的错误

１） 粘连句 I met an old man was standing by the street. 2) 逗号连接句 His grandpa thought the flat was very comfortable, his grandma 3) 4) 5) 6)

thought the flat was very convenient.

不完整句 She went on with her work. Crying.

修饰语位置错误 At the age of five, my father started to teach me piano. 并列结构错误 This book is meaningful, interesting, and of much importance. 主从句错误 Interview, which can benefit the modern society a lot, is becoming more and more popular.

Ⅳ.Homework:

? 请课后参照相关范文进行再次分析复习，更直观 ? 请同学们定期到公共信箱查happypassing@126.com 密码12345678查阅相关八级复习资料。