高三英语阅读理解(人物故事)的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)

高三英语阅读理解(人物故事)的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类 1．阅读理解

A thrilling polar competition between two adventurers to cross Antarctica alone, unsupported and unassisted had a happy ending with both explorers achieving the unprecedented feat (功绩). American professional athlete Colin O'Brady and British Army Captain Louis Rudd set off a mile apart at the same time on November 3, 2018, from the Atlantic coast with the aim to become the first person to ski across the remote continent alone.

Louis Rudd maintained the lead at first. However, O'Brady caught up with Rudd on November10 and never let the British man get close to him again. O'Brady was the first to conquer the 930 mile icy land, arriving at the Ross Ice Shelf on the Pacific coast by way of the South Pole on December 26, 2018. The 33-year-old spent 54 days skiing the world's coldest continent while pulling a 300-pound sled(雪橇) with supplies.

Instead of leaving the harsh environment after completing the historic adventure, the explorer set up a tent on the world's largest ice sheet and waited patiently for Rudd to complete the great undertaking. On December 29, just three days after O'Brady arrived, the British explorer finished his adventure, becoming the world's second person to complete the solo crossing of the frozen continent.

Rudd was not disappointed at being second since he never considered it to be a \the 49-year-old British Army Captain had a more selfless motive for attempting the feat. He was doing it in memory of his friend Henry Worsley, who had introduced him to polar exploration. The disaster happened while Worsley was trying to cross the continent alone in 2016. Rudd said, \didn't want to get drawn into a race. All that mattered to me was that I completed it, and that I skied solo and unsupported, carrying the flag with Henry's name on it.\

After spending a few days camping 10 feet away from each other, the two adventurers were picked up by a helicopter to the South Pole scientific research station. （1）What do Colin O'Brady and Louis Rudd have in common? A. They became the first explorers to cross Antarctica alone, unaided. B. They became the first adventurers to ski across Antarctica. C. This is the first time that they have arrived at the South pole. D. They crossed Antarctica in honor of their friend Henry Worsley.

（2）What do you know about the first leg(第一段賽程) of the race？ A. O'Brady skied along with Louis Rudd side by side. B. O'Brady's sled with food supplies broke down. C. Louis Rudd lost the tag with Henry's name on it. D. O'Brady fell behind Louis Rudd for the first week. （3）What can we infer about Henry Worsley? A. He used to encourage O' Brady to explore the Antarctic. B. He lost his life in a terrible traffic accident in 2016. C. He died while he was attempting to cross the Antarctic alone. D. He helped Louis Rudd complete the historic adventure.

（4）How did the two adventurers return to the South Pole scientific research station? A. On foot. B. By air. C. By land. D. By water. 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，两个冒险家在无人帮助的情况下独自滑雪穿越南极大陆，但是两个人的目的不同。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A thrilling polar competition between two adventurers to cross Antarctica alone, unsupported and unassisted had a happy ending with both explorers achieving the unprecedented feat (功绩).”以及“with the aim to become the first person to ski across the remote continent alone.”可知，两人的目标都是成为滑雪穿越南极洲的第一人，并且两人都获得成功，这是他们的共同之处，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Louis Rudd maintained the lead at first. However, O'Brady caught up with Rudd on November10”以及第一段可知，他们于11月3日出发，O'Brady赶上Louis Rudd是11月10日，可以得出，Louis Rudd领先时间为一周，故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“The disaster happened while Worsley was trying to cross the continent alone in 2016.”可知，Worsley在2016年独自穿越南极洲的时候遇难，故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“After spending a few days camping 10 feet away from each other, the two adventurers were picked up by a helicopter to the South Pole scientific research station”可知，最后两人被直升飞机带去的南极科考站，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Unbelievable Stories of Animals Acting Just Like Humans Horses are picky eaters

Horses have an even better sense of smell than humans do. When horses raise their noses and open their nostrils (鼻孔) , their nervous system allows them to sense smells we can't sense. This might explain why they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses, experts say. Whale says thanks

In 2011, a whale expert spotted a humpback whale trapped in a fishing net and spent an hour freeing it. Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their boat and leaped into the air about 40 times. Pandas like to be naughty

Is there anything more lovely than a baby panda, except maybe a human baby? In fact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies. They sleep in the same positions and value their thumbs. Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behaviors such as covering its face with a paw of

ducking its head when confronted by a stranger. A cat honors its owner

Paper towels, and a plastic cup are just a few of the gifts that Toldo, a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzo's grave every day since the man died in September 2011. Renzo adopted Toldo from a shelter when the cat was three months old, and the two formed an inseparable bond. After Renzo passed away, Toldo followed the coffin to the cemetery, and now \ （1）What can horses do to pick delicious grasses?

A. Feel them. B. Taste them. C. Smell them. D. Observe them. （2）What do the whale and the cat have in common according to the passage? A. They are clever. B. They have a grateful heart. C. They are active and lovely. D. They have a good sense of smell.

（3）Which of the following acts like a human baby according to the passage? A. The whale. B. The cat. C. The horse. D. The panda. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了4个令人难以置信的动物与人类行为类似的故事。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Horses are picky eaters部分介绍的内容可知，马的嗅觉比人类还要强。当马抬起鼻子打开鼻孔时，它们的神经系统让它们感觉到我们感觉不到的气味。因此它们能够拒绝脏水，只吃最美味的草。这说明马靠嗅觉辨别草的好坏。故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据Whale says thanks可知，这条鲸鱼通过跳跃表达对拯救它的救命恩人的感激。根据A cat honors its owner的内容可知，这只猫到墓地去怀念自己的主人。由此可知，两者共同之处在于都有一颗感恩之心。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Pandas like to be naughty 中的“In fact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies”可知，熊猫宝宝的行为与人类的婴儿相似。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Jon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano, Texas, detective, dressed in plain clothes but wearing his badge (徽章) and gun, caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.

\martial arts background, too, because he was able to break away so easily,\a Plano police spokesperson said.

The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching: Andre Harvey and Kirby Sample, two day laborers. Harvey did what has become common these days—he took out his phone and hit record. \hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal,\shooting if I get over there in time.” Harvey jumped into action—while he was still recording the video—as did Sample.

\get the suspect to the ground to help Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs (手铐) on,\police spokesperson. The 27-year-old suspect was charged with resisting arrest and other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than $ 50.

\good to be on the right side and do something positive.\

After the arrest, the three men got to know each other over steaks and ribs at a local steak house—Hoffman's treat, as a thank-you. But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too. \could have turned real ugly.\ （1）What made Hoffman call for help when arresting the suspect? A. He was not on duty. B. He needed witnesses to support him. C. He wanted to push the thief into the car. D. He couldn't control the suspect. （2）Why did Harvey and Kirby record the scene at the beginning? A. To follow the fashion. B. To keep track of the criminal.

C. To record the detective's violence. D. To avoid being involved in the incident. （3）What can be inferred about Harvey?

A. He was ready to violate the law. B. He might have had some illegal behaviour. C. He was out of work at that time. D. He had a good martial arts background. （4）What is Harvey and Sample's attitude towards Hoffman?

A. Appreciative. B. Prejudiced. C. Skeptical. D. Cautious. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，侦探Jon Hoffman在捉偷善款的小偷时遇到困难寻求帮助，Andre Harvey和 Kirby Sample帮助了他。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.”可知，Hoffman控制住那个嫌疑人有困难，并且他们扭打在一起。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“he took out his phone and hit record. “I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal”可知，他们记录场景是想记录警察做了一些不合法的事。及“But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there won't be a shooting if I get over there in time.”此句是说“如果我能及时赶到那里，就不会有枪击事件了”。由这两句可知，即他们记录了警察的暴力。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life”可知，Harvey曾经违反过法律。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段Harvey所言“I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life,” Harvey told WFAA.“ It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive最后一段“But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too，”尤其是最后Sample told the media “He handled himself like a real professional”可知，这两个人认为Hoffman很专业，很欣赏他。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

In the nineteenth century, one of America's greatest writers, Walt Whitman, helped people learn to value poetry. Whitman created a new kind of poetry.

Walt Whitman was born in eighteen nineteen in New York City. During his long life, he watched America grow from a young nation to the strongest industrial power in the world. As a young man, Whitman worked as a school teacher, a printer and a newspaper reporter. He was thirty-six years old when he published his first book of poetry in eighteen fifty-five. He called it Leaves of Grass. It had only twelve poems. The poems are written in free verse. The lines do not follow any set form. Some lines are short. Some are long. The words at the end of each line do not have a similar sound. They do not rhyme.

One of America's greatest thinkers and writers immediately recognized the importance of Leaves of Grass. Ralph Waldo Emerson praised Whitman's work. But most other poets and writers said nothing and even denounced it. Most readers also rejected Whitman's poems. The new form of his poetry surprised many people. Even his own brother told Whitman that he should stop writing poetry. But Whitman had many things to say. And he continued to say them. Readers began to understand that America had a great new poetic voice.

Walt Whitman's poems praise the United States and its democracy. The poet expressed his love for America and its people in many ways. Experts today praise Leaves of Grass as a major literary work. In eighteen seventy-three, Walt Whitman suffered a stroke. He spent the last years of his life in Camden, New Jersey. Whitman was poor and weak during the last years of his life. He died in eighteen ninety-two. Some critics say Walt Whitman was a spokesman for democracy. Others say he was not a spokesman for anything. Instead, they simply call him a great poet. （1）What can we know about Whitman? A. His poems have the same rhyme. B. He is the first great poet in the USA C. He helped people to create new poems. D. His poems show his love for his country.

（2）Why was Leaves of Grass refused at first? A. The poems are quite short. B. The form of poetry is special. C. Whitman wasn't famous then.