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第三讲 名词性从句
李仕才
第一课时 知识过关课
1.主语从句作主语，主句谓语动词通常用单数；为使句子平衡，常用it作形式主语。 2.表语从句还可以用as if，as though引导。
3.表示“是否”，引导宾语从句时可用if或whether，但在介词后或直接与or not连用时，只能用whether引导；引导表语从句、同位语从句或位于句首的主语从句时，只能用whether，不用if。
4.同位语从句一般放在fact，news，idea，promise，suggestion，advice等抽象名词之后，说明或解释这些抽象名词的具体内容。多用that引导，不能由which引导。 5.当宾语从句又带有补语时，要用it作形式宾语。
6.在表示“建议”“命令”“要求”，如advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，request等词后的名词性从句，其谓语通常用“(should＋)动词原形”。
7.that引导名词性从句时，不作任何句子成分；但that引导定语从句时，它代表先行词，
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而且在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
I still remember the promise that__he__made. 我依然记得他许下的诺言。(定语从句)
The naughty boy made a promise that__he__would__never__make__a__noise. 那个淘气的男孩保证说他以后再也不吵闹了。(同位语从句)
8.what可引导名词性从句但不能引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句，有时相当于“the＋名词＋that”，表示“(所)……的”。
What(＝The__thing__that) you said was right. 你所说的是正确的。
读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线和黑体部分，思考：画线部分在全句中作何种成分，即是什么从句，该从句为什么要由这个黑体词来引导。
What__worries__my__classmate__Mary__a__lot__these__days[1] is that__she__ puts__on__too__much__weight__and__she__is__frequently__ill[2].She has some doubts whether__she__eats__too__much__fast__food__high__in__fat__or__sugar[3].
Also，with the college entrance examination approaching，she becomes more stressful and she couldn’t sleep well these days.Maybe this is also the cause that she becomes fatter these days[4]，she thinks.How she becomes Slimmer and healthier[5] has been her main task.So she wants to consult some experts and gain some
instructions.But
where
she
could
get
better
suggestions__and__who__will__give__her__better__advice[6] also puzzle her.It is her parents’ suggestion that she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan
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Hospital[7].Professor Wang suggests that__she__keep__a__balanced
diet__first[8].She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber，vitamin and protein.What’s more，if she wants to lose weight，she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang when she should take exercise[9].Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o’clock in the afternoon because she will have more time to do sports.Thanks to Professor Wang，Mary has become much healthier now.
1.主语从句。What (＝the thing that)在主语从句中作主语。
2.表语从句。从句本身意思完整，也不缺任何句子成分，所以用that引导。
3.同位语从句。补充说明doubt的具体内容，因doubt(疑惑)的意思本身是不确定的，故由whether引导。
4.同位语从句。说明the cause的具体内容。 5.主语从句。表示“如何”变得苗条些和更健康些。
6.主语从句。去“哪里”咨询、向“谁”咨询，故分别由where，who引导。
7.同位语从句。说明suggestion的具体内容，从句内容完整也不缺任何句子成分，故由that引导。
8.宾语从句。从句内容完整也不缺句子成分，故由that引导。 9.宾语从句。when在从句中作时间状语。
Ⅰ.单句填空(用适当的连接词填空)
1.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life.
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2.After five hours’ drive, they reached what they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.
3.Father made a promise that if I passed the exam he would buy me a bike. 4.It was true that what she did delighted every one of us. 5.That we need more practice is quite clear.
6.It doesn’t matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
7.Whether you can succeed in the end will mainly depend on what you do and how you do it.
8.What the doctor is uncertain about is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
9.Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. 10.Whether__the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
Ⅱ.单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)
1.Exactly how the tomato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.how→when
2.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That’s when I was born.”when→where
3.“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.”This is that my mother used to tell me.that→what
4.It makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.It→What
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