考点集训(三十七) 五、介词和介词短语 对应学生用书p343
Ⅰ.用适当的介词填空。
1．Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ____________ shape.
2．In addition ____________ the physical benefits, aerobic exercises have emotional benefits. 3．He drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ____________ the road. 4．China lies ____________ the west of Japan.
5．____________ much homework to do, he decided not to go to the cinema this evening. 6．Your composition is well written except ____________ a few spelling mistakes; his is also well written____________ yours.
7．We had to spend about 10 minutes waiting for the bus because ____________ the heavy snow.
8．Nowadays people in poor mountainous villages across China are making great efforts to find cures ____________ their poverty.
9．—What about the protection of the new computer?
—Let’s keep the screen free ____________ dust by putting a cover over it.
10．Mr. Zhou is strict ____________ his students in class but very kind ____________ them after class.
11．____________ going into the classroom, I turned on the light because it was very dark. 12．All the students felt discouraged because the exercise was ____________ the abilities of most of the class.
13．The professor always spends the whole day in the bookshop ____________ which he bought the dictionary.
14．No one can easily succeed. ____________ all, Rome is not built in one day. 15．The song by Taylor Swift is popular ____________ teenagers across the world.
16．____________ from teaching children how to deal with the daily stress, experts also agree there’s a need to coach them in how to protect themselves.
17．Friendship can never be a trade; ____________ contrast, it needs the most thorough and unprofitable concept.
18．After her time in hospital, Jenny’s parents are afraid that she has fallen ____________ other classmates in school work.
19．When Christmas is ____________ the corner, stores and supermarkets are busy with people.
20．The teacher was pleased ____________ his answer and praised him ____________ his excellent pronunciation.
[答案与解析]
1．in。句意：汤姆早上总是慢跑，他也经常做俯卧撑来保持体形。in shape “健康状况良好”，符合题意。故填in。
2．to。句意：除了身体上的好处，有氧运动也有情感上的好处。in addition to除了。
3．off。句意：他在转弯处开得太快了，以至于车子几乎要偏离道路。go off the road 偏离道路。
4．to。句意：中国位于日本以西。lie to强调隔海/河相望，并不接壤或是范围之内，in表示范围内，on表示接壤，故填to。
5．With。句意：由于有许多家庭作业要做，他决定今晚不去看电影。此处是“with＋宾语＋不定式(宾补)”做状语。
6．for; besides。句意：除了几个拼写错误，你的作文写得很好，他的写得也很好。except for除了，肯定整体对部分加以修正；besides除了……还有，表示“增补”；根据句意，第一空说明你的作文整体是好的，“除了”几个拼写错误，是整体中除去部分，故用except for；第二部分中的also说明“除了”你的作文写得好外，“还有”他的，用besides。
7．of。句意：由于大雪，我们等公交车等了10分钟。because of因为；由于。 8．for。句意：现在，全中国贫穷山村的人们都在很努力地寻找脱穷的办法。cure与介词of搭配时，cure作为一个动词使用，cure sb (of sth)，译为“治愈某人某种疾病”；与介词for搭配时，cure 作为一个名词使用，a cure for意为“对于某种疾病的治疗方法”。故填for。
9．from。句意：——新电脑该怎样保养？——让我们盖上一个罩子，使屏幕不沾染灰尘。free from免于……，使……摆脱。
10．with; to。句意：周老师上课时对学生要求很严格，但课后他对他们很好。be strict with sb.“对某人严格”为固定短语。be kind to sb. “对某人好”为固定短语。
11．Upon/On/After。句意：一进入教室，我就打开灯，因为里面很黑。根据I turned on the light because it was very dark可推知，是一进入教室就开灯。
12．beyond。句意：所有学生都灰心丧气的，因为这个练习超出了班里大多数人的能力。
beyond one’s ability超出某人的能力。
13．in。句意：这个教授经常花一整天的时间在他买字典的那个书店。这是一个定语从句，in 在……里。
14．After。句意：没有人能轻易成功。毕竟，罗马不是一天建成的。after all毕竟。 15．with/among。句意：Taylor Swift的这首歌受到全世界青少年的欢迎。短语be popular with/among...意为“受到……欢迎”，为固定搭配。
16．Apart。句意：除了教孩子们如何应对日常压力，专家们也认为有必要指导他们如何保护自己。apart from除……之外。
17．by。句意：友谊永远不能变成一个交易，相反，它需要最纯粹最无利益的理念。by contrast相反。
18．behind。句意：Jenny住院了一段时间，她的父母担心她在学业上落后于其他同学。fall behind 落后于。
19．around/round。句意：当圣诞节快到时，商店和超市都会忙于和顾客打交道。around/round the corner“即将来临，迫在眉睫”。
20．with；for。be pleased with 对……满意；praise sb.for sth.因某事表扬某人。 Ⅱ.单句改错(每题只有一个错误)。
1．The accident caused some damage with my car, but it’s nothing serious. 2．My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time. 3．He is now in his thirties and has been teaching in almost ten years. 4．We were prevented attending Professor Li’s lecture by the heavy rain.
5．A serious study of physics is impossible with some knowledge of mathematics. 6．Please add upon all these figures and see how much you finally get. 7．He kept concentrating in the same topic since he was a stubborn person.
8．I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening，but there must be something wrong with the network; I can’t seem to get across.
9．Mum promised to buy an English-English dictionary to me as a present.
10．The two countries are going to meet to break out some barriers to trade between them.
[答案与解析]
1．with改为to。cause/do damage to“给……造成损伤/损害”，为固定搭配。故将with
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