2018届二轮复习 介词在短文语法填空中的考查解题指导
——如何确定填介词
判定方法 应用体验 ①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to 如果名词或代词在句university to get a degree in engineering or 中不作主语、表语或architecture. 动词的宾语时，其前②(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Most of us are more focused 面一般是填介词。通on our tasks in the morning than we are later in 常考查介词与动词、the day. 全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with 名词、形容词的搭配。 ③(2016·pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s ... ——介词的常考点
(一)几组常见介词的辨析 1．表示时间的in, on, at
自主练悟 谨记规律 ①(2017·威海市模拟)He wrote this postcard and sent it to his lovely 1.in表示在某段较长的时间内(如sister Nell in January 2017. ②(2017·福州市模拟)On this day, 世纪、年代、月份等)或泛指上午、the dead are said to return to their 下午、晚上等。 homes and they are welcomed by 2.on表示在具体的日子或具体的the living. 某一天的上午、下午、晚上等。 ③(2014·四川高考改编)Working in 3.at表示某个时间点、时刻等。 the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didn’t care much about my bedtime. 2．表示时间的in和after
自主练悟 ①(2014·北京高考改编)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour. 1.in表示“在……时间之内/之后”，②(2017·合肥市模拟)Behind him 所在的句子必须表示将来。 were other people to whom he was 2.after表示“在……时间之后”，通trying to talk, but after some 常“after＋时间段”与过去时连用。 minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed. 3.表示方位的through和across 自主练悟 ①(2015·福建高考改编)A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in 1.through表示“从……的内部穿his reading. 过”。 ②(2015·陕西高考改编)The little 2.across表示“从……表面穿过”。 pupil took his grandma by the arm and walked her across the street. 4．表示交通方式的by和on/in
自主练悟 谨记规律 谨记规律 谨记规律 ①(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 1.by后可直接跟涉及和不涉及交 by car and offers all the scenery of 通工具的名词，名词前不加冠词。the better-known city. 2.on/in后跟交通工具时，名词前应②(2014·安徽高考改编)Reading is 有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修the best way to pass time on the 饰语。 train. 5．表示“用……”的by, in, with 自主练悟 ①(2017·济南市模拟)Mr Li makes a living by driving taxis. 1.by指“靠……手段，用……方法，谨记规律 ②(2015·湖北高考改编)There is no 凭借……”，后可接名词、代词或doubt that this candidate’s 动名词。 advantage lies in his ability to 2.in多用于表示语言、材料的名词communicate with foreigners in 前。 English. 3.with多用于表示工具或身体器③(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)In India, for 官的名词前。 example, most people traditionally eat with their hands. 6．表示“除……之外”的besides和except
自主练悟 ①(2017·白银市模拟)Besides these, about 10% of air pollution is caused 1.besides表示“除……之外by other reasons. 还……”。 ②(2015·全国卷Ⅰ改编)Our 2.except表示“除……之外”。 monthly talks start at 19：30 on the 谨记规律 first Thursday of each month except August. (二)其他常考的介词
自主练悟 ①(2017·九江一中模拟)It is a very exciting city 1.with with great hotels, fine restaurants and even (1)(表示状态)具有，带casinos. 有 ②(2015·全国卷Ⅱ改编)You can make your (2)(表示伴随)随着 environment work for you instead of against (3)(表示原因)由于，因you. 为 ③(2017·漳州市八校联考)This year had (4)(表示关系)和……brought me so much pain — a divorce, losing 一起 my house and the loss of my job. (5)构成with复合结构 ④(2017·天水市模拟)Nowadays, with the 2.against development of technology, online shopping is (1)(表示态度)反对 becoming more and more convenient. (2)(表示对比)以……⑤(2016·四川高考)The mother continued to 为背景 care for the young panda for more than two (3)(表示方位)倚靠years. ⑥(2017·潍坊市模拟)With nobody else at the 着…… scene, Chen left all his money, 311 yuan($45), 3.of for compensation, and a letter of apology. (1)表示“……的” ⑦(2015·天津高考改编)Although her (2)“of＋n.”相当于形容谨记规律
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