第一节 四大解题技巧
一、扫读全文，确定关键词
(2017·全国Ⅰ)
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily.Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insect bites，ill-cooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me. 36
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.37.(C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.) We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.38.(A.This time there was no tent.) Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39．(F.After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.) We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40．(E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.) It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style. A．This time there was no tent.
B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F．After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 答案 D
解析 扫读全文可知本文是一篇记叙文，关键词是露营(camping)。根据前文可知三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however表示转折，且since then“自从那时候起”和前文时间吻合。故选D。
点津 七选五是一篇短文，因此多数阅读技巧对此适用。扫读全文，尤其是首尾段、首尾句以及独立成段的句子和文章中带转折词的句子等，目的是找出主题词并掌握文章的主要内容。正确答案往往与主题词有高度的重合性：“形似、意似”。
(2016·全国Ⅰ)
Secret codes(密码) keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years.36.(D.As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.) Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography.37.(E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.) For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
38．(G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.)You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Let’s number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.39.(F.With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.) For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So
codes must be changed frequently.
A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.
E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 答案 A
解析 扫读全文可知本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了密码(code)在生活中的作用及密码学(cryptography)的三种主要类型。分析语境可知，该处仍在谈论密码本，且与下句构成转折，由此可锁定A项为正确答案。 二、语意判断
(2017·全国Ⅰ，片段)
We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F．After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 答案 A
解析 根据前文“We slept in a tent...”可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，而后文中“Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.”说明作者这次露营有床有空调。由此可知，这次没有帐篷了。故选A。
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