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man-men; woman-women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lice.

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¶þ¡¢·ÖÀà ¹²3Àࣺ¶¨¹Ú´Ê£¨the definite article£©£¬²»¶¨¹Ú´Ê£¨the indefinite article£©¡¢Áã¹Ú´Ê£¨zero article£©¡£

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1¡¢¶¨¹Ú´ÊµÄÓ÷¨

a ¡¢anÓëÊý´Êone ͬԴ£¬ÊÇ\Ò»¸ö\µÄÒâ˼¡£aÓÃÓÚ¸¨ÒôÒôËØÇ°£¬¶øanÔòÓÃÓÚÔªÒôÒôËØÇ°¡£

(1) ±íʾijһÀàÈË»òijÊÂÎïÖеÄÈκÎÒ»¸ö,¾­³£ÓÃÔÚµÚÒ»´ÎÌᵽijÈË»òijÎïʱ,Óò»¶¨¹Ú´ÊÆð½éÉÜ×÷Ó㬱íʾһ¸ö¡£

i gave him a book yesterday .ÎÒ×òÌì¸øÁËËûÒ»±¾Êé

i am reading an interesting story . ÎÒÔÚ¶ÁÒ»ÔòÓÐȤµÄ¹ÊÊ¡£ (2) ±íʾÈË»òÊÂÎïµÄijһÖÖÀà, Ç¿µ÷ÕûÌå, ¼´ÒÔÆäÖеÄÒ»¸ö´ú±íÒ»Àà¡£ a horse is useful to mankind. Âí¶ÔÈËÀàÓÐÓá£

(3) ²»¶¨¹Ú´ÊÓÃÔÚÊÂÎïµÄ\µ¥Î»\ǰ,Èçʱ¼ä, ËÙ¶È, ¼Û¸ñµÈÒâÒåµÄÃû´Ê֮ǰ,±íʾ \ÿһ\¡£

we often go to school two times a day. ÎÒÃdz£³£Ò»ÌìÁ½´ÎȥѧУ¡£ i went to the library once a week at least.

(4) ²»¶¨¹Ú´ÊÓÃÀ´Ö¸Ä³ÈËijÎï,µ«²»¾ßÌå˵Ã÷ÈκÎÈË»òÈκÎÎï¡£ a boy came to see you a moment ago. ¸Õ²ÅÓÐÒ»¸öСº¢À´ÕÒÄã¡£ (5)ÔÚÐòÊý´Êǰ±íʾ\ÓÖÒ»;ÔÙÒ»\ʱ¡£Èç:

i want to read the story a second time ÎÒÏëÔÙ¶ÁÒ»±éÕâÆªÐ¡Ëµ ¡£ (6) ±íʾ²»Ìض¨µÄ\ijһ¸ö\ʱ¡£Èç:

a mr. smith is calling on the phone. ÓÐһλʷÃÜ˹ÏÈÉúÀ´µç»°ÕÒÄã ¡£ £¨7£©ÔÚÌØ¶¨µÄ¶ÌÓïÀï±íÊ¾ÌØ¶¨µÄº¬Ò壬Óë²»¿ÉÊýÃû´ÊÁ¬Óã¬È磺 have a good time ¹ýµÃ¸ßÐË (8) Ò»ÈÕÈý²ÍǰÓÐÐÞÊÎÓïʱ¡£Èç:

-mum, what shall we have for lunch? -jiaozi.

-oh, what a wonderful lunch! i enjoy it very much.

37

(9) ÔÚÐÎÈÝ´Ê×î¸ß¼¶Ç°±íʾ\·Ç³£\ʱ¡£Èç:

lesson nine is a most difficult lesson, but it isn't the most difficult one.

(10)²»¶¨¹Ú´ÊÓÃÓÚijЩ´Ê×éÖС£

a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden

2.¶¨¹Ú´ÊµÄÓ÷¨

¶¨¹Ú´ÊtheÓëָʾ´ú´Êthis,that,these,thoseͬԴ£¬ÓÐ\ÄÇ£¨Õ⣩¸ö\\Õ⣨ÄÇ£©Ð©\µÄÒâ˼£¬µ«½ÏÈõ£¬¿ÉÒÔºÍÒ»¸öÃû´ÊÁ¬Óã¬À´±íʾij¸ö»òÄ³Ð©ÌØ¶¨µÄÈË»ò¶«Î÷¡£ÒÔÏÂΪ±ØÐë¼Ó¶¨¹Ú´ÊµÄÇéÐÎ:

(1)ÔÚ±íʾ˫·½¶¼Ã÷°×µÄÈË»òÎïµÄÃû´Ê֮ǰ£º take the medicine. °ÑÒ©³ÔÁË¡£

(2)ÔÚÉÏÎÄÌáµ½¹ýµÄÈË»òʵÄÃû³ÆÖ®Ç°£º

he bought a house. i've been to the house. ËûÂòÁË´±·¿×Ó¡£ÎÒÈ¥¹ýÄÇ´±·¿×Ó¡£

(3)ÔÚÖ¸ÊÀÉ϶ÀÒ»ÎÞ¶þµÄÊÂÎïµÄÃû´Ê֮ǰ£º

the sun£¬ the sky£¬ the moon£¬ the earth (4)Óëµ¥ÊýÃû´ÊÁ¬ÓñíʾһÀàÊÂÎÈ磺 the fox is cunning .ºüÀêÊǽƻ«µÄ¡£

(5)ÓëÐÎÈÝ´Ê»ò·Ö´ÊÁ¬Ó㬱íʾһÀàÈË£ºthe rich ¸»ÈË; the living ÉúÕß¡£ (6)ÓÃÔÚÐòÊý´ÊºÍÐÎÈÝ´Ê×î¸ß¼¶£¬¼°ÐÎÈÝ´Êonly£¬ very£¬ sameµÈÇ°Ãæ£º where do you live? i live on the second floor. ÄãסÔÚÄÄ£¿ÎÒסÔÚ¶þ²ã¡£

that's the very thing that ineed ÄÇÕýÊÇÎÒÐèÒªµÄ¶«Î÷¡£ (7)ÔÚ±íʾ\ÊÀ¼Í...Äê´ú\µÄ½á¹¹Ö®Ç°

he began to learn russian in the 1950s. ËûÔÚ20ʵ¼Ê50Äê´ú¿ªÊ¼Ñ§¶íÓï ¡£ µ«×¢Òâ:in one's 50sÒâΪ\ÔÚijÈËÎåÊ®¶àËêʱ\¡£Èç: he looked quite healthy though he was in his 80s.

(8)ÔڱȽϼ¶µÄÁ½ÖÖ¾äÐÍÖÐ: ¢Ù±íʾ\Ô½ ......,¾ÍÔ½......\ʱ¡£Èç: the lighter, the better. Ô½ÇáÔ½ºÃ ¡£

¢Ú ±íʾ\Á½ÕßÖбȽÏ......\ʱ,Óö¨¹Ú´Ê¡£Èç:

there are two books on the table. i like the thicker one. (9)ÓÃÔÚ\¶¯´Ê+sb.+½é´Ê+the+ÉíÌ岿λÃû³Æ\µÄ½á¹¹ÖÐ(×¢Òâ:½é´Ê³£ÓÃin/on/by)¡£Èç:

the ball hit me on the back. Çò´òÖÐÁËËûµÄÍ· ¡£

(10) ÔÚ±íʾ\¼ÆÁ¿µ¥Î»\µÄ¿ÉÊýÃû´Êǰ(×¢Òâ:½é´ÊÓÃby)¡£Èç:

the workers are paid by the hour/day/month. °´Ô¸¶¸ø¹¤È˹¤×Ê . (11)ÓÃÔÚijЩÓÉÆÕͨÃû´Ê¹¹³ÉµÄרÓÐÃû´Êǰ£ºthe great wall(³¤³Ç)£¬the people's park(ÈËÃñ¹«Ô°)µÈ¡£

the people's republic of china ÖлªÈËÃñ¹²ºÍ¹ú the united states ÃÀ¹ú (12)ÓÃÔÚ±íʾÀÖÆ÷µÄÃû´ÊÖ®

38

ǰ£º she plays the piano. Ëý»áµ¯¸ÖÇÙ.

the little girl likes to play the violin. СŮº¢Ï²»¶À­Ð¡ÌáÇÙ¡£ £¨13£©¶¨¹Ú´ÊÓÃÔÚÎÄÒջ,Ô˶¯³¡ËùµÄÃû³ÆÇ°¡£

they are going to the cinema tonight. ËûÃǽñÍíҪȥӰԺ¿´µçÓ°¡£

(14)ÓÃÔÚÐÕÊϵĸ´ÊýÃû´Ê֮ǰ£¬±íʾһ¼ÒÈË£º the greens ¸ñÁÖÒ»¼ÒÈË (»ò¸ñÁÖ·ò¸¾)

(15)ÔÚ·½Î»Ãû´Ê֮ǰ £¬È磺in the west on the west

(16)ÔÚijЩ¶ÌÓïÖÐ in the day, in the morning (afternoon£¬evening), the day after tomorrow ,the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water£¬field£¬country) in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre

3¡¢Áã¹Ú´Ê£¨²»Óö¨¹Ú´Ê) (1) ÔÚÎïÖÊÃû´Êǰ£¬È磺

water is very important . Ë®ÊǷdz£ÖØÒªµÄ ¡£ (2) ÔÚ³éÏóÃû´Êǰ£¬È磺

failure is the mother of success. ʧ°ÜÄ˳ɹ¦Ö®Ä¸¡£ (3) ¸´ÊýÃû´Ê±íʾÈË»òÎïµÄÖÖÀàʱ£¬È磺 doctors cure patients. Ò½ÉúÖβ¡¾ÈÈË .

those people are teachers, not students. ÕâЩÈËÊÇÀÏʦ,²»ÊÇѧÉú . (4) ÔÚÓйØÓÎÏ·µÄÃû´Êǰ£¬È磺

do you like to play chess? Äãϲ»¶ÏÂÆåÂð ? (5) ÔÚ\½»Í¨¹¤¾ß\µÄ¶ÌÓïÀÈ磺

shall we walk or go by bus? ÎÒÃdz˳µ»¹ÊDz½ÐÐ ? (6) ÔÚ¹úÃû£¬ÈËÃûºÍµØÃûǰͨ³£²»Óö¨¹Ú´Ê£¬Èç £º england£¬mary£»

£¨7£©ÔÚÄê·Ý¡¢¼¾½Ú¡¢Ô·ݡ¢½ÚÈÕ¡¢ ¼ÙÈÕ¡¢ÈÕÆÚ¡¢ÐÇÆÚµÈ±íʾʱ¼äµÄÃû´Ê֮ǰ£¬²»¼Ó¹Ú´Ê£»

we go to school from monday to friday. ÎÒÃÇ´ÓÐÇÆÚÒ»µ½ÐÇÆÚÎå¶¼ÉϿΡ£ (8)Ôڳƺô»ò±íʾ¹ÙÏΣ¬Ö°Î»µÄÃû´Êǰ²»¼Ó¹Ú´Ê£»

the guards took the american to general lee. Ê¿±øÃǰÑÕâ¸öÃÀ¹úÈËË͵½À¾üÄÇÀï¡£

(9)ÔÚÈý²Í¡¢ÇòÀàÔ˶¯µÄÃû³ÆÇ°£¬²»¼Ó¹Ú´Ê ¡£È磺 have breakfast£¬play chess

(10) ÔÚijЩ¹Ì¶¨´Ê×éÖУ¬ÊÇ·ñÓйڴʣ¬ÒâÒ岻ͬ¡£È磺

in hospitalסԺ£¬in the hospitalÔÚÒ½ÔºÀï in bedÔÚÎÔ´² £¬in the bedÔÚ´²ÉÏ

in front ofÔÚ......£¨Íâ£©Ç°Ãæ£¬in the front of ÔÚ......£¨ÄÚ£©Ç°²¿ go to hospital È¥Ò½Ôº¿´²¡ go to the hospital È¥Ò½Ôº (²¢²»ÊÇÈ¥¿´²¡£¬¶øÊÇÓÐÆäËûÄ¿µÄ)

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£¨1£©theÓÃÔÚ¡°ÌØÖ¸¡±Ì¸»°Ë«·½¶¼ÖªµÀµÄij¸öÈË»òijЩÈË»òÎïǰ¡£È磺 where is the teacher£¿ ÀÏʦÔÚÄÄÀ

£¨2£©theÓÃÔÚÉÏÎÄÒÑÌáµ½µÄÈË»òÊÂÎïǰ¡£È磺 i can see a cat. the cat is lucy¡±s. ÎÒÄÜ¿´¼ûһֻ裬ÄÇֻèÊǶÜçµÄ¡£

£¨3£©theÓÃÔÚÊÀ½çÉ϶ÀÒ»ÎÞ¶þµÄÊÂÎïǰ¡£È磺 the earth goes around the sun. µØÇòÎ§ÈÆ×ÅÌ«Ñôת¡£

£¨4£©theÓÃÔÚÐòÊý´Ê»òÐÎÈÝ´Ê×î¸ß¼¶Ç°¡£È磺 mike is the tallest of the three boys. Âõ¿ËÊÇÈý¸öÄк¢ÖÐ×î¸ßµÄÒ»¸ö¡£

£¨5£©theÓÃÔÚÓÉÆÕͨÃû´Ê¹¹³ÉµÄרÓÐÃû´Êǰ¡£È磺the great wall£¨³¤³Ç£©£¬the people¡±s park£¨ÈËÃñ¹«Ô° £©µÈ¡£

£¨6£©theÓÃÔÚһЩϰ¹ßÓÃÓïÖлòÀÖÆ÷Ãû´Êǰ¡£È磺in the day£¨ÔÚ°×Ì죩£¬play the piano£¨µ¯¸ÖÇÙ£©µÈ¡£

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£¨1£©Ãû´ÊǰÒÑÓÐ×÷¶¨ÓïÓõÄthis, that, these, those, my, your, his, her, our, their, someµÈÏÞ¶¨´Êʱ£¬²»Óùڴʡ£È磺this eraser, her pencil-box, some boxes, those womenµÈ¡£

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£¨3£©¸´ÊýÃû´Ê±íʾ·ºÖ¸Ê±£¬²»Óùڴʡ£È磺 the people in the room are doctors. ·¿¼äÀïµÄÄÇЩÈËÊÇÒ½Éú¡£ £¨4£©ÔÚ±íʾѧ¿ÆµÄÃû´Êǰһ°ã²»Óùڴʡ£È磺chinese, english, maths, physics, historyµÈ¡£ÔÚÈý²Í·¹ºÍÇòÀàÔ˶¯Ãû´Êǰһ°ã²»¼Ó¹Ú´Ê¡£È磺have breakfast/ lunch/ supper, play basketball/ footballµÈ¡£ £¨5£©ÔÚ¼¾½Ú¡¢½ÚÈÕ¡¢ÐÇÆÚ¡¢Ô·Ýǰ²»Óùڴʡ£È磺autumn, summer, winter, spring, teacher¡±s day, children¡±s day, sunday, februaryµÈ¡£

£¨6£©ÔÚ±íÑÕÉ«¡¢ÓïÖֺ͹ú¼ÒÃû´Êǰ²»Óùڴʡ£È磺white, brown, french, australiaµÈ¡£

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