英语即兴演讲稿范文
i like to look into the mirror. i remember when i was a little girl, i often stood on my toes, trying to find my face in the mirror of the dressing table, which was nearly as high as i was. now i still like to look into the mirror. only now, the dressing table is too low for me. as i bend down, i see the face of a young woman, glowing with maturity, confident in her future and fascinated with her own reflection.
the fact that i like to look into the mirror has to do with my granny with whom i spent most of my childhood. i remember clearly that one night i heard her murmuring, \seen. women can't be seen.\i could indeed see myself. only now as a young woman myself, can i understand that it was not physical visibility that granny had on her mind.
granny spent all her life taking care of the family, day in and day out. she cooked for her husband and 10 children. but whenever guests came, she and other female family members had to eat by the stove in the small kitchen. at family discussions, she was never asked for her opinion. after grandpa passed away, she had to listen to my uncle, her eldest son, fulfilled her duty as daughter, wife, and mother; yet as a person, she remained little noticed. even though she could see herself in the mirror of the dressing table, she was never visible in the mirror of society.
i have been living a different life. at home, i make decisions together with the rest of the family. in school, i often take charge of various activities the same as other boys and girls. not only that, i can see something granny could not have dreamed of─making decisions for my own future. my life has been a series of decisions. i could choose from several universities as i came out of high school. at university, i could choose from a range of subjects from english literature to business law. and now upon graduation, i am again faced with decisions─to further my study or to go to work; to stay in china or to go abroad; to get married right away or to remain single for a bit longer.
it does not matter whether or not i will bee famous or rich, but i will treasure the chance to demonstrate my potential and to help other women demonstrate theirs as full members of society, fully visible in the mirror of history. i will treasure it because the abundance of choice that i enjoy came only after decades of efforts made by my granny, my mum, and millions of other chinese women.
however, the choices to be made by me and others of my generation are a great challenge. the misconception that men are superior to women is still dominating many people's minds. while men are encouraged to pete and to assert themselves, we are expected to be quiet, loyal
第 1 页 共 5 页
and obedient. this is not very different from what is expected of us as good wives and good mothers. the challenge we face calls for a higher level of our personal development and self-determination.
the story of my grandmother and myself mirrors the lives of millions of other women in china and perhaps in the world. many of them still lead the life of my grandmother. their worth is not yet recognized. it is the responsibility of a young person like me to work hard and struggle hard so that they too will see themselves and will be seen in the mirror of society.
this is my dream. this dream, i believe, is not only shared by our grandmothers, mothers and sisters, but also by many of our fathers, brothers, husbands and male colleagues.
it will not e true until everyone fully realizes that women can contribute to society and should be guaranteed the right to do so. women hold up half the sky.
第 2 页 共 5 页
英语口译中的演讲技巧分析
口译与笔译的最大区别之一，就在于口译工作者绝非“一切尽在不言中”，而是身处“台前”进行工作。虽然文化派翻译理论认为，即使在笔译中，译者也是“可见”（visible）的，但从工作特点来看，口译员显然更为“可见”。
这种可见性，既使口译工作充满了乐趣，也给译员带来了许多挑战。站在大庭广众之中，于众目睽睽之下开口讲话，本身就不是一件容易的事情。姑且不论翻译的质量如何，译员首先应该是一个出色的讲话人。否则，即便翻译得再出色，也会因为拙劣的音质、节奏或吐词而使听众感到索然无味。显而易见，对于一个成功的口译工作者来说，掌握扎实的演讲技巧是根本要务。
1. 熟悉讲话场所，增强演讲效果
为了获得良好的沟通效果，译员在到达工作地点后，一定要先熟悉工作环境。观察发言人所处的房间设施情况，屋顶的高低、窗帘的厚度、房间的面积等都会对音效造成影响。此外，发言人需要对多少观众讲话，是在讲台上发言还是流动讲话，这些问题译员都需要考虑。对于译员本人来说，是站在讲话人身边还是退到舞台一侧，有没有辅助工具（如麦克风），是有支架的麦克风、手持无线麦克风还是便携式无线麦克风，在工作开始前的短暂时间里，应该尽可能充分地掌握情况。特别要注意调试麦克风，以免出现音质有问题或电池电量不够的尴尬场面。 2. 综合运用演讲的几大要素
讲话人声音的产生伴随着一系列生理过程--首先是从肺部呼出气流，气流经过喉，振动声带而形成声音；再经过咽、嘴和鼻腔，声音被放大和修饰，最后通过舌、唇、齿和颚等部位形成特定的音。译员在翻译中应注意演讲几个要素的运用，即：音量（volume）、音调（pitch）、节奏（rate）、停顿（pauses）、发音（pronunciation）和吐词（enunciation）。
音量讲话人声音的大小和强弱程度。译员切勿大声喊叫，即使是发言人声音过大，也不可受到影响而提高音量。适中的音量即使自己的翻译容易被听众接受，也不会显得信心不足或喧宾夺主。在翻译过程中调节音量是必要的。译员从开始讲话就应注意观察听众表情，特别是最前排和最后排听众的表情。前排听众露出不快的表情或者后排听众露出不解的表情，都是音量不合适的信号。
音调声音的高低程度。一般来说，译员在翻译中最好采用中音，因为中音显得沉稳可信，并应注意通过音调的变化让听众感受到友好、温和、诚恳和热情。作为译员，表现出强烈的情感是不合适的，不温不火的音调可以显得自己更加客观。然而，这绝不意味着译员应自始至终使用一种音调，单调不变的音调会使听众感到沉闷，极大地破坏演讲效果。
节奏讲话人声音传递的速度快慢。通常，中文表达速度是每分钟150～180字，英文则是120～150词。虽然译员应该考虑所翻译的内容特点和讲话人所采用的速度而确定自己翻译传达的节奏，但在平均值上下浮动幅度过大，会造成听众接受信息的额外负担。因此，译员应采用中等速度，而且在重要信息点，如数字、专门用语、人名、头衔等和讲话人特别强调的关键词上应将速度适当放慢。在翻译过程中经常调整节奏也十分重要。
停顿信息传递过程中的短暂休息。对于译员来说，适当停顿既能够自然大方地创造时间进
第 3 页 共 5 页
行思考或修补翻译中的缺陷，又能够为信息表达带来更为出色的效果。马克·吐温在谈到演讲技巧时曾说过，“合适的词语也许有效，但没有任何词语比恰到好处的停顿更有效”。译员应该注意掌握停顿的时间，过长的停顿会让听众认为是译员翻不出来，从而影响他们对译员的信任；而过短的停顿又起不到什么作用。马克·吐温认为，“对一个听众的停顿要短；两个听众，停顿稍长一点；更多听众，停顿再长一点”。
发音讲话人所用语言的语音、语调和节拍是否正确。好的译员，首先应在中英双语口头表达上不存在任何障碍，发音起码应该符合所使用语言的规范和标准，避免地方口音的影响。这是译员的基本素质之一，此处不再详述。
吐词讲话人能否清晰完整地说出词句。吐词清楚，对于有效传达信息至关重要。放慢讲话速度，是加强吐词的有效方法。同时，由于正式场合的发言不同于对话交谈，它往往要求讲话人将字词发得更加相对完整，字与字（词与词）之间的连读、弱读、吞音等则需要适当减少，更要避免在表达中加入带有个人习惯的不必要表达，如“嗯……”、“这个……”、“就是说……”、“well…”、“eh…”、“yes…”、“ok…”等。 3. 保持良好大方的仪态
除了言语表达以外，译员的身体语言同样十分重要。在翻译过程中，译员应考虑以下几个方面：
穿着译员的穿着要大方得体，并根据工作的场合调整。在正式的谈判、会议、宴会等场合，译员需要着正装，但无需过于夸张；另外一些较为轻松的场合，如导游、参观、便饭等，可以着比较休闲一些的服装（buisness
causual）。如果不肯定如何着装，一定要向组织者询问。重要的是，良好的着装绝不等同于昂贵新潮的品牌服饰，而应是整洁、大方、得体的衣着。
姿态站／坐姿要端正得体，身体不能频繁地大幅度摆动。站时双腿不能交叉，坐时不能翘腿或晃腿。工作时应保持高度投入的精神状态。
手势作为译员，过多使用手势会给人抢风头的感觉。在非正式的日常工作口译中，译员可以适当在交流中辅以手势；但在正式场合，译员一定要保持端正持重，切忌手舞足蹈。
眼神增加与听众的目光交流，可以加强沟通的效果。不过，译员和来自不同国家和文化背景的人接触，应注意不同文化对于目光接触的禁忌。例如：欧美、阿拉伯国家的人在交谈时习惯直视对方的眼睛，而亚洲和非洲一些国家的人交谈时则避免直接目光接触，特别是不同性别、不同身份层次的情况下。如果是正式场合的演讲，译员则应和不同方位的听众进行目光交流，而且目光在某一方位停留的时间应相对延长一些，否则会给人飘忽不定、缺乏自信的印象。
表情通过轻松自然的表情，时刻向听众传达友好。即使在翻译过程中有困难出现时，译员也不应该皱眉、瞪眼或流露出其它沮丧、无奈的表情。译员的面部表情需要表现出对听众的善意，也应展现自己对所翻译的话题的兴趣和把握。同时，译员不是演员，夸张做作的面部表情只会适得其反。
综上所述，译员作为身居“幕前”的沟通者，应保持整洁大方的仪表，掌握语言表达的技巧，同时做到不卑不亢、谦虚稳重、和蔼可亲。“好的开始是成功的一半”，译员的成功，很
第 4 页 共 5 页
大程度上就取决于一开口的那几句话给听众的感觉。
第 5 页 共 5 页
相关推荐：
loading