中考英语复习定语从句专题讲解及练习
【课前回顾】 一、 宾语从句
例词 词义 无 是否 是否 谁 谁 谁的 什么 哪一个 充当的成分 无 无 无 主语/宾语 宾语 定语 主语/宾语 定语 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 方式状语
宾语从句三要素:1. _________:_________
2. _________:_________ ___________ __________________ 3. _________(见上表格)
二、动词的时态归纳(以时间为轴)
一般 进行 完成 现在 过去 将来
【知识精讲】 定语从句
一.复习定语: 找出下列句子中的定语.
The black bike is mine.(形容词) What’s your name?(代词) They make paper flowers.(名词)
I tell him something interesting. (形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语) He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定语)
定语概念: 用来修饰名, 限定, 说明名词或代词的词.( 形容词, 代词,数词,名词, 介词短语, 分词,不定式,句
子说相当于形容词的词,短语及句子)
再看下面的句子:
Mary is a beautiful girl. Mary is a girl who has long hair. 句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句 再看:The man who lives next to me is a teacher. 定语---定语从句
二.定语从句讲解
1. 概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句。 The man who
lives next to us is a policeman (who为关系代词)
先行词 关系词 定语从句 ↙ ↘ 关系代词 关系副词
2. 先行词:被定语从句所修饰的词。位于定语从句之前。
3. 关系词:引导定语从句的词。(连接主,从句,相当于一个连词) 4. 定语从句的结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句
一般情况下,三者紧密挨着,顺序不可变。 5. 定语从句的分类: 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
限制性定语从句:
e.g: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
非限制性定语从句:
1.Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴 2.sports town has a big screen, where you can see live sports around the world.
练习:分析定语从句(标出先行词,划出定语从句)
1. He likes the apple that is red.
2. They said something that you didn't like. 3. This is the man who wants to see you.
4. This is the magazine from which I copied the paragraph.
5. I shall never forget those years when I lived on the farm with the farmers.
三.定语从句的考点:关系词引导定语从句的关系词:
必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)
关系代词 (缺主语或者宾语) 指人 Who 主、宾格 Whom 宾格 Which 主、宾格 Where 地点状语 that 主、宾格 as 主、宾格 why 原因状语 as 主、宾格 whose 定语 -------- --------- whose 定语 -------- -------- 指物 That 主、宾格 When 时间状语 关系副词 (缺状语) -------- -------- The student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why he was so angry.
The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
关系词通常有下列三个作用: A、引导定语从句; B、代替先行词;
C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如:
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
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