七年级历史下册第十九课学案

is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is第19课 统一多民族国家的巩固 导学案

一、学习目标

通过本课的学习，我们应该了解在清朝统一多民族国家巩固过程中的一些重要知识：清政府册封达赖、班禅的制度并设置驻藏大臣，加强对西藏的管辖；乾隆帝平定大小和卓的叛乱，并设置伊犁将军，加强对西北地区的管辖；蒙古族的土尔扈特部回归祖国；清朝的疆城。 二、知识脉络

三、独立自学

（一）达赖、班禅和驻藏大臣

1.西藏地方普遍信仰＿＿＿教，首领＿＿＿和班禅是西藏喇嘛教两个地位最高的领袖。 2. ＿＿＿帝赐予五世达赖以“＿＿＿”封号。

3.康熙帝赐予五世班禅以“＿＿＿”封号。4.册封制度的确立使历世达赖和班禅的继立必须经过中央政府，从而加强了中央对西藏的管辖。驻藏大臣的设置，由于他的职权能代表中央政府同达赖、班禅共同管理西藏而使中央对西藏的管辖更加直接，更加加强了。

is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the invntory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is （二）平定大、小和卓的叛乱

1．在西北天山以南的广大地区，居住着维吾尔等族人民，由于他们多数信仰伊斯兰教，清代把这个地区称为“＿＿＿”。

2．大小和卓的叛乱，对于当地的人民是场灾难，他们的做法最终失去了民心。＿＿＿皇帝下令调兵讨伐，并宣布此次进兵，只为擒拿大小和卓，维吾尔等族人民皆为无罪之人，不加株连，得到了当地群众拥护。最终平定了叛乱。

3．后来清朝政府设置＿＿＿将军，管辖包括＿＿＿在内的整个新疆地区。清朝军队驻扎新疆各地，设置哨所，加强了对西北地区的管辖。 （三）土尔扈特回归祖国

1．土尔扈特是＿＿＿族的一支，明朝末年西迁到伏尔加河下游游牧，后来受到沙皇俄国的控制和压迫。在首领＿＿＿的领导下，历经险阻终于回归祖国。后来＿＿＿皇帝给予了妥善安置。土尔扈特的回归祖国，为多民族国家的巩固和发展谱写了光辉的篇章。 （四）清朝的疆域

1．清朝前期，我国的疆域西跨＿＿＿，西北达＿＿＿，北接西伯利亚，东北至黑龙江以北的外兴安岭和库页岛，东临＿＿＿，东南到＿＿＿及其附属岛屿钓鱼岛、赤尾屿等，南至＿＿＿，成为亚洲最大的国家。

2．清朝的统一，加强了各民族之间经济文化联系，促进了边疆地区的开发，使我国统一多民族国家得到进一步加强。 四、能力提升

读图1材料，讨论回答下列问题：

图1

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is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is（1）材料的意思是什么？

（2）材料来自“须弥福寿之庙”的碑记，“须弥福庙”是乾隆手书，它记载着当年乾隆和班禅六世为维护祖国统一的历史见证。清朝对西藏是怎样加强管辖的？

答案解析

（1）碑文的意思是，我国百余年来天下太平，民族和睦，内地和边疆如同一家。 （2）顺治帝，正式赐予五世达赖“达赖喇嘛”的封号；康熙帝，赐予五世班禅“班禅额尔德尼”的封号，并确立起以后历世达赖和班禅都必须经过中央政权册封的制度。

1727年，清朝设置驻藏大臣，代表中央政府，会同达赖和班禅共同管理西藏，从而大大加强了中央政府对西藏的管辖。 五、当堂巩固

（一）选择题（每题只有一个标准答案） 1.清设置驻藏大臣开始于（ ）

A.1673年 B.1727年 C.1783年 D.1771年 2.清朝前期，我国的疆域西跨（ ）

A.陇西 B.临洮 C.巴尔喀什湖 D.葱岭 3．清初，接见五世达赖的清朝皇帝是（ ）

A.康熙帝 B.雍正帝 C.顺治帝 D.乾隆帝 4.居住在天山以南的广大地区，清朝称为（ ）

A.满族 B.回部 C.维吾尔族 D.蒙古族 5.带领土尔扈特重返祖国的是（ ）

A.渥巴锡 B.大和卓 C.小和卓 D.噶尔丹 6.为了加强对西北的管辖，清政府设置了（ ） A.黑龙江将军 B.伊犁将军 C.吉林将军 D.乌里雅苏台将军 7.清朝称之为“回部”的少数民族是（ ）

A.蒙古族 B.藏族 C.维吾尔族 D.土尔扈特

is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the invntory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is8.土尔扈特回归祖国的直接原因是（ ） A.强烈的民族意识的驱使 B.乾隆帝的热情接待和妥善安排 C.清朝中期国力的强盛 D.沙俄的控制、欺凌和压迫

9．清政府为加强对西藏的管辖而采取的措施有（ )

①赐予“达赖喇嘛”的封号 ②设置伊犁将军 ③设置驻藏大臣 ④赐予“班禅额尔德尼”的封号

A.①③④ B.②③④ C.①②③ D.①②④ 10.下列有关清朝的疆域表述不正确的是（ ） A.北到西伯利亚 B.西北到波斯

C.东南到台湾及附属岛屿钓鱼岛、赤尾屿 D.南到南海诸岛 （二）材料题

11．下图2是乾隆在承德避暑山庄招待回归祖国的土尔扈特首领渥巴锡的情景，读后讨论回答下列问题。

图2

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is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is（1）土尔扈特是怎样“重返祖国”的？原因和条件是什么？ （2）“东返祖国”的壮举有何意义？ 六、课后练习

读下图3材料，讨论（同学之间互相讨论合作）回答下列问题：

图3

（1）什么叫“回部”？

（2）清朝是怎样平定大小和卓叛乱的？ （3）清军为什么能够取得胜利？ 附 当堂巩固答案：

（一）选择：1．B2．D3．C4．B5．A6．B7．C8．D9．A10．B （二）材料题

11．（1）明朝末年西迁到伏尔加河下游游牧的土尔扈特，受到沙俄的控制和压迫，他们在首领渥巴锡的领导下，粉碎沙俄军队的层层堵截和追击，战胜了重重困难，终于返回新疆，受到清政府的妥善安置。

土尔扈特回归原因主要是不堪忍受沙俄的控制和压迫；当时正值清朝平定了大小和卓叛乱。

（2）土尔扈特的回归，为多民族的国家巩固和发展谱写了光辉的篇章；渥巴锡是我国历史上的民族英雄。

is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the invntory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is六、课后练习答案

（1）居住在天山以南广大地区的维吾尔族，由于他们信仰伊斯兰教，清代把这个地方称为“回部”。

（2）乾隆帝时，回部上层贵族大小和卓，发动反清叛乱，建立割据政权。清政权派人投降，惨遭叛军杀害。乾隆帝下令讨伐，经过两年的战斗，平定了大小和卓分裂祖国的叛乱。

（3）清军取得胜利的原因主要是：①大小和卓的分裂活动，残杀虐待维吾尔族人民，丧失民心，违背历史的发展趋势，维吾尔族人民支持清军的斗争。②清军的策略正确，只擒拿大小和卓，宣布维吾尔等族人民无罪，不要株连，不杀无辜民众，顺应民心。

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