2015 年考研英语 (一 )真题完整版
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Though not biologically related, friends are as cousins, sharing about 1%of genes. That is _(1)_a University of California and Yale University in
“ related ” as fourth study, published from the the Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.
The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.
While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler,
“Most people do not
professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says,
even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin. ”
The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in
friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us
to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_ ”functional Kinship ” of being friends with_(14)_!
One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem
other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human
30,000 years, with social environment being
to be evolution_(15)_than
evolution picked pace in the last a major_(17)_factor.
The findings do not simply explain people
’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds,
say the researchers.
Though all the subjects
drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.
1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what
2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised 3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by
4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected 5. [A] tests [B] s [C]samples [D] examples
6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible 7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know
8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass 9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus
10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps
11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like
were
12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit
13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with 14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits 15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier
16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express
17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive 18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency 19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic 20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tell Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by
choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted
“kings don ’t abdicate, they
dare in their sleep. republican left
”But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the
in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his
words
and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?
The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When
polarised,
as it was following
the end of the
public opinion is particularly
Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere”politics of national unity.
and “embody”a spirit
It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs
polarized. And
also, the Middle East
’
continuing popularity excepted, Europe
is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist
counterparts
in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.
Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of
—and sometimes the
national unity as they claim to be, their very history way they behave today
–embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and
and other economists are warning
inequalities. At a time when ThomasPiketty
of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic of modern democratic states.
The most successful monarchies strive
to abandon or hide
their old
families should still
be the symbolic heart
aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.
While Europe ’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.
It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy
granny style.
’s reputation with The danger will
come with
her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) Charles,
who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty
hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service
– as non-controversial
and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy enemies.
21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain [A] used turn enjoy high public support
[B] was unpopular among European royals [C] cased his relationship with his rivals
’s worst
[D]ended his reign in embarrassment
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