英语语言学树型图

a) Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants. InflP(=S)

NP VP

N Aux V NP

Det A NP

N CON N

Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants OR InflP(=S)

NP VP

N Infl V NP

Det A NP

N CON N

Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants b) Helen put on her clothes and went out. S

NP VP

N VP CON VP

VP NP V Adv

V P Det N

Helen put on her clothes and went out

OR InflP(=S)

NP Infl VP

N Pst VP CON VP

VP NP V Adv

V P Det N

Helen put on her clothes and went out c) Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics. S

NP VP

N VP CON VP

VP NP VP NP

V A P N V A P N

Mary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics OR InflP(=S)

NP Infl VP

N Pres VP CON VP

VP NP VP NP

V A P N V A P N

Mary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics

d) The detective went out and the mysterious man came in. S

S CON S

NP VP NP VP

Det N V Adv Det A N V Adv

The detective went out and the mysterious man came in e) Crusoe knows that spring will come and the snow will melt.

S

NP VP CP

N V C S

S CON S

NP VP NP VP

N Aux V Det N Aux V

Crusoe knows that spring will come and the snow will melt

6. The following sentences all contain embedded clauses that function as complements of a verb, an adjective, a preposition or a noun. Draw a tree structure for each sentence. a) You know that I hate war. S

NP VP CP

N V C S

NP VP

N V NP

N

You know that I hate war

OR CP

C InflP(=S)

NP Infl VP CP

N Pres V C S

NP VP

N V NP

N

You know that I hate war

b) He said that Tom asked whether the class was over. S

NP VP CP N V C S

NP VP CP N V C S

NP VP

Det N VL A

He said that Tom asked whether the class was over

c) Gerry can’t believe the fact that Anna flunked the English exam. S

NP VP

N VP NP

CP Aux Neg V NP C S

Gerry can

not believe Det N NP VP N V NP Det A N the fact thatAnna flunked the English exam