成人本科学位英语阅读理解专项强化真题试卷42(题后含答案及解析)

成人本科学位英语阅读理解专项强化真题试卷42 (题后含答案及解

析)

题型有：1.

On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere. It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked, “I have failed again.” On the train back to Washington, he said sadly, “That speech was a flat failure, and the people are disappointed.” Some newspapers at first criticized the speech. But little by little as people read the speech they began to understand better. They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made. Today, every American school child learns Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address by heart. Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history.

1． In 1863, Abraham Lincoln was ______. A．very critical B．unpopular C．very popular D．very courteous

正确答案：B

解析：答案可以在第一段的第三句找到：“There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time.”

2． Lincoln was invited to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery because he was ______.

A．a famous speaker B．a very handsome man C．President of the country D．a popular statesman

正确答案：C

解析：答案可以在第一段找到：“He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness.”(当时他一点也不受欢迎，他被邀请去葛底斯堡演讲仅仅是出于礼貌。)

3． It can be inferred from the text that ______.

A．Lincoln prepared his speech very carefully before he went to Gettysburg B．Lincoln was very busy at the time and didn’t have much time to prepare his speech

C．Lincoln’s speech was full of rich words D．Lincoln’s speech was very long

正确答案：B

解析：答案在文章的第二段的开始可以找到：”It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg．Late that night，alone in his hotel room and tired out，he again worked briefly on the speech.”(据说林肯是在去葛底斯堡的火车上准备他的演讲的。那天深夜，他独自在宾馆的房间里，很疲倦，又简单地准备了一下。)由此我们可以判断林肯非常忙，没有更多的时间准备他的演讲，B是正确答案。A，C，D均不符合文章的内容。

4． It was a fact that Lincoln’s speech was ______. A．an immediate success B．warmly applauded C．a total failure

D．not well-received at first

正确答案：D

解析：答案可以在文章的第二段找到：“At the end there was little applause.”(最后几乎没有什么掌声。)可见他的演讲起初并没有被大家接受，D为正确答案。A，B，C均不符合文章的内容。

5． Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address has deep meaning. B．Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is simple in style.

C．Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is memorized by every American school child. D．Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is the greatest speech ever delivered in the United States.

正确答案：D

解析：答案可以在文章的第三段和第四段找到。文章提到林肯的演讲“含义深刻、风格简朴”；文章还提到：“如今美国每一个中学生都能背诵林肯在葛底斯堡的演讲。现在所有的人都认为他的演讲是美国历史上最好的演讲之一。”

Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not

eat more than their bodies need. It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles. When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamin-enriched fluid, the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it, even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water. In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were. In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them. They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in, We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet. So, in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what’s best for them. Apparently, there is a kind of “body wisdom”, which humans soon lose. Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could. Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits. Some people eat foxes, dogs and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs. So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.

6． In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rat’s drinking water to ______.

A．encourage rats to drink vitamin-enriched water B．find out rats’ preference in flavor

C．test whether rats know which drink is good for them D．demonstrate that vitamins are tasteless

正确答案：C 解析：答案在文章第一段第二句：“It has been demonstrated that rats will，when given a choice over a period of time，prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles.”(实践证明，如果在一段时间里让老鼠做出选择，它们更喜欢喝含有维他命的水，虽然两者尝起来和闻起来都没有区别。)

7． The expression “the habit” (paragraph 1, sentence 4) refers to drinking water which ______.

A．has no smell B．is tasteless C．has vitamins D．is flavored

正确答案：D

解析：第一段的最后谈到：“当把香味加到含维生素的液体中时，老鼠便仿佛嗅到了香味并持续喝加了香味的水，即使是维生素转而加到了清水里面也如此。然而，很快，它们就改变了这个习惯，重新开始喝含必需的维生素的水了。”文中的habit实际上指喝有香味的水。所以D是正确答案。