one.
After graduation Babbage was hired by the Royal Institution to lecture on calculus(微积分). Within two years he had been elected a member of the Royal Society and, with his Cambridge friends, succeeded in setting up the Astronomical Society in 1820, the first to challenge the influence and power of the Royal Society. From 1828 to 1839, Babbage was Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge.
The 1820s saw Babbage work on his 'Difference Engine', a machine which could perform mathematical calculations. At the beginning a six-wheeled model was constructed. He then developed plans for a bigger, better, machine - Difference Engine 2. He also worked on another invention, the more complex Analytical Engine, on which his fame as a computer pioneer now largely rests. It was designed to be able to perform any arithmetical calculation using punched（打孔的） cards that would take the instructions, as well as a memory unit to store numbers and many other most important parts of today's computers. But neither the Analytical Engine nor Difference Engine 2 was finished in Babbage's lifetime.
Babbage also worked in the fields of philosophy and code-breaking. He died at his home in London on 18 October 1871. 24．What did the Extractors Club aim to do?
A. Help treat its members with mental illness. B. Rescue its members trapped in the madhouse.
C. Set free the patients in the madhouse. D. Place the sick members in the madhouse.
25．After he graduated from Cambridge, Charles Babbage _________. A. was elected to the Royal Society B. became professor at Cambridge C. founded the Astronomical Society D. taught in the Royal Institution 26．What made Charles Babbage remembered as a computer pioneer? A. Difference Engine. B. Difference Engine 2. C. The Analytical Engine. D. A memory unit.
27．Which of the following best describes Charles Babbage? A. Active and versatile (多才多艺的). B. Humorous and devoted.
C. Stubborn and generous. D. Bright and selfless.
C
How to deal with waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal (处理) problem becomes increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers (垃圾拖运者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically (定期地) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.
Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped (倾倒) the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys (烟囱) to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modem society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential (住宅区的) neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent (不存在).
Awareness (意识) of pollution dangers has led to more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 per cent of a city’s reusable waste. 28．The most suitable title for this passage would be . A. Places for Disposing Waste B. Waste Disposal Problem C. Ways of Getting Rid of Waste D. Waste Pollution Dangers
29．During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT
for .
A. recycling it B. burying it
C. burning it D. throwing it into rivers 30．What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph? A. Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society. B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modem society. C. Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same. D. Long-distance trash hauling is impossible.
31．The main purpose of writing this article is to . A. tell people a better way to get rid of the waste. B. warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing. C. call on people to take part in recycling programs. D. draw people’s attention to waste management.
D
“Mum, what does it mean when someone tells you that they have a skeleton(骨骼) in the closet?” Jessica asked. “A skeleton in the closet?” her mother paused thoughtfully. “Well, it’s something that you would rather not have anyone else know about. For example, if in the past, someone in Dad’s family had been arrested for stealing a horse, it would be ‘a skeleton in his family’s closet’. He really wouldn’t want any neighbor to know about it.”
“Why pick on my family?” Jessica’s father said with anger. “Your family history isn’t so good. you know. Wasn’t your great-great-grandfather a prisoner who was sent to Australia for his crimes?” “Yes, but people these days say that you are not a real Australian unless your ancestors arrived as prisoners .” “Gosh, sorry I asked, I think I understand now,” Jessica cut in before things grew worse.
After dinner, the house was very quiet. Jessica’s parents were still quite angry with each other. Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her husband, who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read. When she finished, she gathered the freshly pressed clothes in her arms and walked to Jessica’s closet. Just as she opened the door and reached in to hang a skirt, a bony arm stuck out from
the dark depths and a bundle of white bones fell to the floor. Jessica’s mother sank into a faint(晕倒), waking only when Jessica put a cold, wet cloth on her forehead. She looked up to see the worried faces of her husband and daughter.
“What happened？Where am I?” she asked. “You just destroyed the school’s skeleton, Mum,” explained Jessica. “I brought it home to help me with my health project, I meant to tell you, but it seemed that as soon as I mentioned skeletons and closets, it caused a problem between you and Dad.” Jessica looked in amazement as her parents began to laugh madly. “they’re both crazy,” she thought. 32．According to Jessica’s mother, “a skeleton in the closet” means ______. A. a family honor B. a family secret C. a family story D. a family treasure
33．What can we learn about some Australians’ ancestors from Paragraph 2? A. They were involved in some crimes in Australia. B. They were the earliest people living in Australia C. They were brought to Australia as prisoners. D. They were not regarded as criminals in their day.
34．Jessica’s mother fell down into a faint because she was ________. A. frightened B. surprised C. injured D. knocked
35．Jessica’s parents laughed madly at the end of the story probably because_________. A. they were crazy B. they were overexcited
C. they realized their misunderstanding D. they both thought they had won the quarrel 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to make friends at a new school
Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own classes. 36 However, if
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