【2014】高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习(5)及答案

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（5）及答案

阅读理解-------【细节理解题】常见错误类型：

(1)张冠李戴。把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。或者是选项的答案并非是题干中主语的行为或观点，而是文中其他人物的行为或观点。

(2)扩缩范围。英语文章为了表达准确、严密，很注意对范围的限定，有时通过加上almost all，nearly，more than，normally，usually等词对文意加以限制，“扩缩范围”干扰法就是通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息中的范围、程度、色彩等改变，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误的。

(3)无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。此外，干扰项也可能就是与所阅读的文章内容没有任何联系。

(4)偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的单词，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。

(5)文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。

阅读理解---------【推理判断题】易错点 (2012·四川高考，A篇)

On a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land，we watch the lines of rain move across the scene，the moon rise over the hills，and the stars appear in the sky.The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.

Every window in our wooden house has a view，and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before.Each look reminds us where we are.

There is space for our three boys to play outside，to shoot arrows，collect tree seeds，build earth houses and climb trees.

Our kids have learned the names of the trees，and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation.As they tell all who show even a passing interest，maple(枫树)makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.

The air is clean and fresh.The water from the well has a pleasant taste，and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink.Though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water，they never say anything against that.

The seasons change just outside the door.We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars'(杨树)putting out the first green leaves of spring.The rainbow

smelt fills the local stream as the ice gradually disappears，and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter.A family of birds rules our skies and flies over the lake.

41．What can be learned from Paragraph 2? A．The scenes are colorful and changeable. B．There are many windows in the wooden house. C．The views remind us that we are in a wooden house. D．The lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.

【错混透析】A 推理判断题。本段中提到，透过每扇窗户都会看到一番风景，森林和湖泊与一小时之前所见到的都不一样。据此可知，作者身居的环境是多彩和变幻的。故选A项。

42．By mentioning the names of the trees，the author aims to show that______. A．the kids like playing in trees B．the kids are very familiar with trees C．the kids have learned much knowledge D．the kids find trees useful learning tools

【错混透析】C 推理判断题。根据第四段话中“Our kids have learned the names of the trees...”及“As they tell all...white pines are the best climbing trees.”可知孩子们已经了解了关于树的很多知识。故选C项。

阅读理解【解题指导】【 推理判断题】常见错误类型：

(1)未经推断。把文章中已经明确介绍或说明的内容误以为推理判断的结论。

(2)凭空想象。凭主观想象或自己的常识理解文章中的细节，而不是凭借文章信息进行推理，缺乏文章信息的支持。

(3)断章取义。能够找到文章的信息依据，但理解片面，缺乏思维的严密性。 C7 [2013·广东卷] A

Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well. Fred Epstein，in his book If I Make It to Five，tells a story he heard from one of his friends about Tom，a four－year－old boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.

Tom loved to pretend，and he particularly loved to play superheroes. Dr. Epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led.

The day before his third trip to the operating room，Tom was terribly afraid.“Maybe I could go as Superman，”he whispered to his mom.Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while.She had

avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装)，but finally she agreed.

The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman，showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.And Tom，with the strength of his fantasy，successfully made it through the operation.

The power of imagination need not be reserved for children only.We all have the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible，to go through those things that seem impossible，and to achieve what we never believed we could. Just as Dr.Epstein puts it，“If you can dream it，you can do it.”

It doesn't mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job interview.But，next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it.Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.So，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream.

26．What do we know about Tom? A．He was seriously ill. B．He was a dishonest boy. C．He was crazy about magic. D．He was Dr.Epstein's patient.

27．What can be inferred about Tom's mother? A．She was a rich lady. B．She refused Tom's request. C．She wanted Tom to be a superhero. D．She wanted to get Tom through the pain.

28．When Tom went for the third operation，he ________． A．pretended to be painful B．acted like a superhero C．appeared in poor spirits D．argued with his mother

29．In the last paragraph，you are advised ________． A．to go through some difficult tests B．to wake up from your wild dreams

C．to become a powerful person in your mind D．to wear expensive clothes for job interviews 30．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To tell us an interesting story. B．To help us make right decisions. C．To advise us to care about children. D．To encourage us to use our imagination.

【要点综述】 文章告诉我们，面对苦难和挑战，要充分发挥想象力的作用，使自己内心强大起来，梦想才能实现。

26．A 细节理解题。由第一段的“Tom，a four－year－old boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations?”可知，Tom 病得很厉害。

27．D 推理判断题。由第四段的“And Tom, with the strength of his fantasy，successfully made it through the operation.”可以看出，Tom的妈妈答应儿子的要求，就是想帮儿子减少手术的痛苦感。其他选项可以这样排除：由第三段的“She had avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装)，but finally she agreed.”可以看出A和B错误；C项可以由常识排除。

28．B 细节理解题。由第四段的“The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.”可知当时他的行为和超人一样。故选B。

29．C 推理判断题。这是对前面所讲述的故事的升华，故事中小Tom用自己的想象力战胜了痛苦，作者在这里也建议我们面对困难时要“need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.”还要“let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.”由此可见，C项符合题意。

30．D 写作目的题。文章开篇点题：Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.告诉我们想象力的重要性，然后通过一个具体的例子加以论证。最后一段中作者又鼓励我们在挑战和困难面前使用想象力，使自己内心强大起来，故选D。

阅读理解------【主旨大意题】易错点