。 。 。 。 内部文件，版权追溯 内部文件，版权追溯 内部文件，版权追溯 内部文件，版权追溯 专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题
(加★的为单词意义猜测题，本卷限时23分钟)
A
(2017·南京市四校联考)As seniors in college looking forward to life's next goals — graduation and employment — it is important to have a sense of feeling important. Every time I look through job listings, there is a small, and sometimes not so small current running through my mind, spitting out little charges that are meant to stop me from even applying. The charges come in the form of words that seem to shout out like “It is not even worth trying！” or “Laugh out loud and look as if you were a qualified man ...”
I met with a professor last week about a specific posting that really got me excited. Maybe for the first time I could actually imagine myself in a position. I did not want to tell anyone of the other seniors about it because then there would be more people applying for it. However, the professor said to me, “You and thousands of other people are interested in that job.” His response successfully weakened my initial enthusiasm. So I went back to work on my cover letter, feeling like one little sardine (沙丁鱼) swimming in a school of thousands, with far less motivation than I had initially had.
Of course, the reality checks are good, and we should never feel deserving of, or entitled to, a position. I would say there are only a few select students out there. The cream, who have academic advantages, would be sure to stand out. The rest of us, struggling through our course loads, are the_crop. But being the crop does not make us any less important!
The point is that, like the old Hasidic story goes in Jewish tradition, we should always remember to carry two slips of paper in our pockets, especially during times of challenge and transition. When feeling beaten down, overwhelmed or lost within a school of sardines, take out one slip of paper that says “For my sake, the world was created”. But for fear that you become a person filled with self-importance,
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carry a second slip of paper to serve as a gentle reminder, “I am but dust and ashes”．
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过自己的经历说明一个道理：看重自己是非常重要的，但不要过度看重自己。
1．How did the author feel after talking with the professor? A．Embarrassed. C．Confused.
B．Discouraged. D．Inspired.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，跟教授交谈之后，作者像泄了气的皮球，受到了打击。故答案选B项。
★2.What do the underlined words “the crop” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The plants in the field. B．Common members of a group. C．Those who struggle in their life. D．Those who are tied to a position.
解析：选B 单词意义猜测题。根据第三段中的“The cream, who have academic advantages, would be sure to stand out.”及“The rest of us ... loads”可知，the crop是和The cream相反的一类人，The cream 显得出类拔萃，可推断出the crop在文中指的是“很普通的人”。故答案选B项。
3．The author implies in the last paragraph that we should________. A．control our feelings in tough situations B．read as many inspiring stories as possible C．learn to view ourselves properly D．dare to challenge ourselves constantly
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者建议我们在口袋里放两张纸条，当我们失落时，我们可以用其中一张上的话鼓励自己；当我们得意时，我们应用另一张上的话提醒自己。言外之意就是，我们得学会正确地看待自己。故答案选C项。
B
(2017·无锡市普通高中期末考试)Why do some people flush when they drink alcohol? This effect is a common reaction to alcohol among East Asians. It affects about 36 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans.
For many, even a small amount of alcohol can cause unpleasant effects. Most commonly, their face, neck and sometimes their whole body turn red. People might also feel uncomfortable and sick to their stomach. They might experience a burning sensation (感觉), increased heart rate, shortness of breath and headaches.
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The cause is a genetic difference that they are born with called an ALDH2 deficiency (缺乏). It prevents their bodies from treating alcohol the way other people do. But the effects might be more serious than just a red face.
Researchers warn of a link between this condition and an increased risk of cancer of the esophagus (食道) from drinking alcohol.
The more alcohol people with this deficiency drink, the greater their risk is. In Japan and South Korea, for example, many people have the deficiency but still drink heavily. Researchers have found that these drinkers develop a form of esophageal cancer six to ten times more often than those without the deficiency.
Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers. It can be treated when found early, but once it grows the chances of survival drop sharply. The researchers estimate that at least five hundred forty million people have the deficiency, about eight percent of the world's population.
Philip Brooks is a researcher at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism in the United States. He says it is important to educate people about the link between the alcohol flushing effect and esophageal cancer. He says doctors should ask East Asian patients about their experiences with facial flushing after drinking alcohol. Those with a history of it should be advised to limit their alcohol use. They should also be warned that cigarette smoking works with the alcohol in a way that further increases the risk of esophageal cancer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了喝酒会引起脸红的原因及这种酒精引起的脸红效应与食道癌之间的关系等内容。
★4.The underlined word “flush” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”． A．walk unsteadily C．appear unpleasant
B．turn red in the face D．talk more than usual
解析：选B 单词意义猜测题。根据第二段第二句可知，他们的脸、脖子，有时候整个身体都会变红。由此可知flush的意思应是“脸红，发红”。故答案为B。
5．The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A．the cause of the effects of alcohol B．Asians and alcohol
C．the advantages of drinking alcohol D．unpleasant effects caused by alcohol
解析：选D 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要讲的是酒的不良效应。故答
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案为D。
6．Esophageal cancer is considered one of the deadliest cancers in that ________. A．it can't be treated at all
B．it is not easy to be discovered early C．it is hard to cure once it has developed D．people are addicted to alcohol
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知，如果在早期被发现的话，食道癌是可以被治愈的，但是，一旦癌细胞扩散了，幸存的可能性就会大幅度降低，即食道癌就很难被治愈了，故答案为C。
7．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．only some East Asians have the ALDH2 deficiency
B．about 36 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans are heavy drinkers C．unpleasant effects occur only when people with this deficiency drink a lot D．the ALDH2 deficiency may be passed on from generation to generation 解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，ALDH2缺乏是与生俱来的，是一种基因上的差异，因此它有可能是会遗传的。故答案为D。
C
(2017·扬州市第一学期期末检测)Using a mobile phone for more than 10 years increases the risk of getting brain cancer, according to the most comprehensive study of the risks yet published.
The study — which contradicts official statements that there is no danger of getting the disease — found that people who have had the phones for a decade or more are twice as likely to get a malignant tumour (恶性肿瘤) on the side of the brain where they hold the handset.
The scientists who conducted the research say using a mobile for just an hour every working day during that period is enough to increase the risk — and that the international standard used to protect users from the radiation emitted is “not safe” and “needs to be revised”．
They concluded that “caution is needed in the use of mobile phones” and believe children, who are especially vulnerable (脆弱的), should be discouraged from using them at all.
Britain's largest investigation into the health risks of the technology, the Mobile Telecommunications and Health Research (MTHR) programme — funded by “government and industry sources” — reported that “mobile phones have not been
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