2015初中英语定语从句学案

定语从句导学案

一、学习目标：

1.理解定语从句的含义。 2.认识定语从句的功能和作用。 3.掌握五个关系代词的用法。 二、学习重难点：

1.自主观察、分析、总结关系代词的选取原则。

2.在具体的情景中学会运用所学的定语从句知识描述人或事物。 三、考点分析：

1.语法填空中的准确运用2.在完形填空和阅读理解中，对复合句的正确理解3.写作中的灵活运用

一．定语从句的理解：

用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语：

a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red 如果定语是句子，便称为定语从句。

I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句)

→I know the girl who is in red. （定语从句）分析这个句子，找出定语从句的结构构成： 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫 ，定语从句一般放在先行词的 。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫 。

引导词的作用（根据每个作用后面的解释，由你给他们起个名字吧？） 1、 作用：引导词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来； 2、 作用：引导词在从句中代替在它前面的先行词； 3、 作用：引导词在从句中总是充当一个句子成分。

二．如何选定引导词

考点1：先行词是人时引导词的选用

(1). 先行词是人，引导词后紧跟动词时用who或that.( who或that做定语从句的主语）如： Here comes the man who (that) wants to see you. 想见你的那个人来了。 (先行词是the man, 引导词后紧跟动词wants, 故引导词用who / that) 巩固练习

1. The man ________ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. which B. who C. when D. what

2.Do you know the woman ______ talked with Mr. May just now? A. whose B. whom C. who D. which

(2). 先行词是人，引导词后紧跟的不是动词时要用who, whom, that. ( 引导词做定语从句的宾语可以省略）如：

This is the person whom (who, that) you are looking for. 这正是你要找的人。

(先行词是the person, 引导词后紧跟的是you, 不是动词, 故引导词可用who / whom / that) 1.The man _________ she went to the cinema with is our headmaster. A. whom B. which C. what D. whose 考点2：先行词是物时引导词的选用

(1).先行词是物时，一般情况下引导词可以用which或that. 如：

Mary like music that (which) is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢安静柔和的音乐。 (先行词是music, 引导词可用which / that)

友情提示（切记！）：一山不容二虎，下列情况只能用that不用which： ①当先行词是形容词最高级或它前面有形容词最高级时： Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.

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②当先行词是all, everything, nothing ，something，everything，the one等不定代词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true.

③当先行词前面有the only，the same ，the last，any，few，little，no，the very等词修饰时：

The only thing that we can do is to study hard. ④当先行词是序数词或前面有一个序数词时：

He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。

⑤当先行词既有人又有物时：

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about？ ⑥以who 或which 引导的特殊疑问句只能用that Who is the girl that is crying？ 巩固练习：

1.The most important thing ______ we should pay attention to is the first thing ______ I have said.

A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, that 2.My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing. A. that B. it C. which who

3.There is nothing _________ I can do. A. that B. which C. who D. what

4.Watch the old woman and her dog _________ are crossing the street.

A. which B. that C. who D. whom

考点3：引导词前有介词时，先行词是人,引导词只能用whom, 先行词是事物时，引导词只用which。如：

This is the friend to whom I talk a lot. 这是跟我谈话很多的朋友。

Jacky stayed in the room in which Lu Xun once lived.

杰克呆在那个鲁迅曾经住过的房间。

This is the bad boy about __________ his parents worried too much. A. who B. whom C. that D. whose

考点4：先行词是代词时，先判断其指代人还是指代物，再决定用哪个引导词。如： I don’t like those who talk much but do little. 我不喜欢说得多做得少的人。

The sleeping tigers are bigger than those which are trained there.

这睡着的老虎们比那些被训练的大。

1. I hate those ________ don't help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. what D. where 总结：

当先行词是物时, 用_______ 或_______引导.

如：These are the trees which were planted last year.

当先行词是人时, 用______,_______,________引导.如：The man who I saw is called Smith. who, whom, whose, that用法区别：（模仿第一个例句分解例2、3、的定语从句。注意，不同的关系代词在从句中会充当不同的成分，所以请分析出各个关系词的用法）

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考点5：定语从句中的动词的数

He is the only one in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise He is one of the students in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise

总结：关系词在定语从句中做_______时，谓语动词的____取决于先行词.

轻松一刻：怎么样，有同学会觉得定语从句枯燥无趣吗？看看下边两个句子就不会觉得无趣了。 1、A successful man is one who makes more money than his wife can spend. 一个成功的男人是他赚的钱比他妻子花的钱更多的人。

2、A successful woman is one who can find such a man. 一个成功的女人则是能找到一个这样的男士。

三、对点专练

( ) 1. The boy _________ was here a minute ago is my friend-Ted. A. who B. which C. when D. whom

( ) 2. This is the first school __________ we visited last year. A. where B. who C. that D which

( ) 3. This letter is from the young man __________we met last month. A. which B. when C. where D. whom ( ) 5. The film ___________ we saw last night was wonderful. A. whom B. who C. which D. when

( ) 6. A dictionary is a book ___________ gives the meanings of words. A. that B. when C. where D. whom

( ) 7. This was the best model of a radio set _________ the factory produced in 1970. A. that B. where C. which D. when

( ) 8. I’m interested in all_________ you have said. A. that B. what C. whom D. which

( ) 9.Watch everything ______ the teacher will do. A. who B. that C. whom D. which ( ) 10.This is the boy ___________ textbook was lost. A. who B. that C. whose D. which

四.中考链接

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( ) 1.Paul’s uncle is the man ________ taught us math last year. (2010广东) A. where B. which C. who D. when

( ) 2. The first thing ________ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter. (2011广东)

A. which B. that C. why D. who

( ) 3. There will be a flower show in the park _______ we visited last week. (2012广东)

A. who B. when C. what D. which

( ) 4. The young lady _______is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net. (2013广东)

A. who B. whom C. which D. whose

( ) 5. When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _______he did was to look for some food. (2014广东)

A. who B. that C. which D. whom 拓展：

用定语从句来写作文是我们常用的形式。以下是一篇关于介绍My Family 的作文，请你先

划出文中的定语从句，然后仿照其句型也写一篇介绍自己家庭的作文。

My Family

I have a family which is not big, but warm. In my family there are three people who are my father, my mother and I.

My father is a young man who works very hard in a hospital. He likes playing football. He also likes to read novels which were written by famous writers. My mother is a young woman who works in the same middle school as I study in. She teaches maths in our school which is the best school in our city. She likes watchingTV plays which are acted by famous stars, such as Chen Daoming, Liu Xiaoqing and so on. I am a boy who studies in a middle school. I am very clever. I like playing basketball which is my hobby. And I like watching NBA Games which are played by famous players. This is my family which is a warm and happy family.

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