K12高考英语
60.Embryoniclearninghelpsmotherbirdstoidentifythebabybirdswhich. A.canreceivequalitysignalsB.areinneedoftraining C.fittheenvironmentbetterD.maketheloudestcall
C
Anewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust
（
反
垄
断
）
regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants
（
巨
头
）
thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.
Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime,Thegiants'successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery,Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree(userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata).Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too.
Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-
presentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandcompetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtoothercompanies.Internetcompanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’seyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.
Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.BreakingupfirmslikeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:intime,oneofthemwouldbecomegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—
andasanewapproachstartstobecomeapparent,twoideasstandout.
K12高考英语
K12高考英语
Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger(
兼
并),forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'dataassets(
资
产)whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedcompanyisbuyinganew-bormthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhenanew-borncompanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.
The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-
line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it.Govemments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data,with users' consent.
Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if govemments
don't wants a data oconomy by a few giants,they must act soon. 61.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants? A.Theyhavecontrolledthedatamarket B.Theycollectenormousprivatedata C.Theynolongerprovidefreeservices D.Theydismissedsomenew-borngiants
62.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate? A.Datagiants’technologyisveryexpensive B.Google’sideaispopularamongdatafirms C.Datacanstrengthengiants’controllingposition D.Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproducts
63.Bypayingattentiontofirms’dataassets,antitrustregulatorscould. A.killanewthreat
K12高考英语
K12高考英语
B.avoidthesizetrap C.favourbiggerfirms D.chargehigherprices
64.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants’controlofdata? A.Bigcompaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure. B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure. C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy. D.Smallcompaniescouldgetmoreopportunities. D
OldProblem，NewApproaches
Whilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife
（
排
放
，），
globalwarningwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissionspeak.Soevenifemissionweretobegindecreasetoday
wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimate.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation.
Whenitcomestoadaptation
，
itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard
buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions.ThisiswhyinpartatleasttheUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat:”thereisno‘one-sizefitall’adaptation.”Nevertheless
therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost.
Aroundtheworldpeopleareadaptinginsurprisingways
，，，，，
especiallyinsomepoorcountries
FloodshavesomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserverasfloatinglibraries
K12高考英语
，scbools，
K12高考英语
andhealthclinics，
andareequipmentwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicationfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnecticity
（
连
体
）
toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel：
hisstaffpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensfishpondspreventatarcationduringthewetseason.
Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries,FllodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MobammedRezwansawopportunilywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries,schoods,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconmetivity
（
连
接
）
toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel:hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondstopreventstarvationduringthewetseason.
ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.Chewang.NophellivesinamountaionousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers(
冰
川)thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.Norphel’sinspirationcomefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigation(
灌
溉)water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves.Nophelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200,000m3ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorhel’sicereserveswillnotlast
K12高考英语
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