《化工原理课程设计》板式精馏塔设计报告

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《化工原理课程设计》报告

4万吨/年 甲醇~水 板式精馏塔设计

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目 录 一、概述 ·························································· 4 1.1 设计依据 ································· 错误！未定义书签。 1.2 技术来源 ································· 错误！未定义书签。 1.3 设计任务及要求 ············································5 二：计算过程 ······················································ 7 1. 塔型选择 ···················································7 2. 操作条件的确定 ·············································8 2.1 操作压力 ··············································8 2.2 进料状态 ··············································8 2.3 加热方式 ··············································8 2.4 热能利用 ··············································8 3. 有关的工艺计算 ·············································9 3.1 最小回流比及操作回流比的确定 ········· 错误！未定义书签。 3.2 塔顶产品产量、釜残液量及加热蒸汽量的计算错误！未定义书签。 3.3 全凝器冷凝介质的消耗量 ·······························17 3.4 热能利用 ····························· 错误！未定义书签。 3.5 理论塔板层数的确定 ···································17 3.6 全塔效率的估算 ······················· 错误！未定义书签。 3.7 实际塔板数NP ······················· 错误！未定义书签。 4. 精馏塔主题尺寸的计算 ······················ 错误！未定义书签。 4.1 精馏段与提馏段的体积流量 ············· 错误！未定义书签。 4.1.1 精馏段 ·········································20 4.1.2 提馏段 ·········································22 4.2 塔径的计算 ···········································24 4.3 塔高的计算 ···········································33 5. 塔板结构尺寸的确定 ········································27 5.1 塔板尺寸 ·············································27 5.2 弓形降液管 ··························· 错误！未定义书签。 5.2.1 堰高 ···········································29 5.2.2 降液管底隙高度h0 ·······························30 5.2.3 进口堰高和受液盘 ··············· 错误！未定义书签。 5.3 浮阀数目及排列 ·······································31 精心整理 学习帮手

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5.3.1 浮阀数目 ·······································31 5.3.2 排列 ···········································32 5.3.3 校核 ···········································32 6. 流体力学验算 ··············································33 6.1 气体通过浮阀塔板的压力降(单板压降)hp ················34 6.1.1 干板阻力hc ····································34 6.1.2 板上充气液层阻力h1 ·····························34 6.1.3 由表面张力引起的阻力h? ························34 6.2 漏液验算 ·············································34 6.3 液泛验算 ·············································35 6.4 雾沫夹带验算 ·········································35 7. 操作性能负荷图 ············································36 7.1 雾沫夹带上限线 ·······································36 7.2 液泛线 ···············································36 7.3 液体负荷上限线 ·······································37 7.4 漏液线 ···············································37 7.5 液相负荷下限线 ·······································37 7.6 操作性能负荷图 ·······································37 8. 各接管尺寸的确定 ··········································40 8.1 进料管 ···············································40 8.2 釜残液出料管 ·········································40 8.3 回流液管 ·············································41 8.4 塔顶上升蒸汽管 ·······································41 8.5 水蒸汽进口管 ·········································41 精心整理 学习帮手