2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记
oil from the pore space in the rock and, after a certain stage is reached, it moves together with the oil into producing wells. As more and more of the pore space is occupied by gas, the relative amount of gas flowing into the well increases and the amount of oil decreases. Hence, too high a production rate will lead to oil, which should have been produced, being left in the reservoir as a result of the waste of the potential energy of the gas. Solution gas drive is by no means as effective as water drive or gas cap drive and a smaller proportion of the total oil in the reservoir is recovered by this method.
8. 石油从油层中采出使压力下降，并一直下降到石油饱和压力。当达到饱和压力点时，在油藏中，天然气将从石油中逸出，并且开始膨胀。天然气膨胀时，就把越来越多的石油从孔隙空间中置换出来。到一定阶段以后，天然气就和油一起流到生产井里。当越来越多的孔隙空间被天然气所占据时，流入井里的天然气数量便相对增加，而油的数量却减少了。因此，采油速度过高将导致一部分本来可以开采出来的石油，因为天然气潜在能量的浪费而滞留在油藏里。溶解气驱远不如水驱或气顶驱那么有效。用这种方法，只能开采出油藏石油总量中很少一部分石油。
9. Gas Cap Drive气顶驱
10. As oil is withdrawn from the reservoir and the pressure drops, the gas cap expands to fill the pore space formerly occupied by the oil, and thus displaces oil downwards towards the producing well. When gas cap drive is the main production mechanism it is generally more efificient than solution gas drive alone. Gas cap drive reservoirs will of course have some measure of solution gas drive in operation, although it may be only to a minor degree. The greater the size of the gas cap relative to that of the oil zone, the less will be the decline in pressure and hence the contribution of the solution gas drive. A high production rate in a well located near the gas/oil level may cause “gas coning”. In this case the productionrate will have to be restricted to avoid the well \of reservoir energy.
10. 当石油从油藏中排出因而压力下降时，气顶膨胀，充斥原先被石油占据的孔隙空间，并且向下驱替石油使之朝生产井推进。当气顶驱动是主要的采油机理时，通常比单一的溶解气驱更为有效。气顶驱动的油藏中当然也有一定的溶解气驱在起作用，只不过程度很小罢了。气顶的体积相对于含油层的体积越大，压力下降就越小，则溶解气驱的作用也就越小。靠近油气界面的井，
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2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记
如果采油速度很高，可能导致“气锥”。因此，必须限制采油速度，避免油井“气淹”和油藏能量的浪费。
39A $210,000 WALLET 价值21万美元的钱包
1.Buffett auctioned his 20-year-old walleton December 3,1999 and received a highbid of $210,000 which went to a charity,Girls Inc. of Omaha. The story about the battered old black billfold broke in The Wall Street Journal (December 2,1999). \top of the line,\quoted.
1.1999年12月3日，巴菲特拍卖(auction)了跟随他20年之久的钱包，高达21万美元的拍卖所得(a high bid of $210,000)全部捐给了慈善机构（charity）奥马哈女童之家。《华尔街日报》(1999年12月2日)刊登(break-broke-broken vt.透露, 说出)了有关这个黑色旧皮夹(the battered old black billfold)的故事，报纸援引(quote v. 引用, 援引; quotation n. 引用, 引述)巴菲特的话说：“我还从来没有上过头条(the top of the line)。”
2.The wallet survived the dunking in a Minnesota lake after a fishing boat capsized leaving Buffett dogpaddling. Buffet didn't include his credit cards,driver's license or a pass for free McDonald's hamburgers. He did include an expired half-price pass from Hooter's restaurant chain given to him for allowing the chain to note Buffett's birthday on their calendar. \Journal. It turned outto be First Industrial Realty Trust. 2.这个钱包曾经被水浸泡过。一次，巴菲特在明尼苏达州的一个湖中钓鱼时，船翻了(a fishing boat capsized)，害得巴菲特在湖中练狗刨。这次拍卖不包括他的信用卡、驾照以及换取麦当劳汉堡包的免费券(a pass for free McMonalds hamburgers)。但是，包含一张到期的(expired)呼特餐饮连锁店的半价优惠卡，那是巴菲特允许呼特餐饮连锁店在台历上注明了自己生日所得到的礼物(回报)。“不管谁（whoever）买下钱包，我都打算在里面留一条股票信息(the name of a stock tip)”，巴菲特在接受《华尔街日报》采访时说。这只股票后来被证实是第一工业房地产信托公司(First Industrial Realty Trust)。(turn out 结果是，原来是)
3.Television interviewer Bob McCartney of KETV in Omaha asked Buffett if he thought
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2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记
the wallet bidding would get to the seven figure mark. \high,I'd be sorry I didn't sell it myself.\When the subject came up of the Hooter's pass,Buffett said: \expired,and they didn't offer me a renewal.\As for the stock tip,Buffett said there might be \public knowledge yet. 3.奥马哈的KETV电视台记者鲍勃·麦卡特采访巴菲特时问他，事先有没有想到会拍卖到七位数(the seven figure mark)。“没有，没有，绝没想到，早知道能卖这么高的价格，我还不如亲自卖。”谈到(come up 提及；提到)呼特餐饮连锁店的优惠卡，巴菲特说“优惠卡到期了，呼特不给我续办。”至于(as for)说股票信息，巴菲特说他“略微提到”(a little mention)一个伯克希尔公司购买的公众还不知道的（that wasnt public knowledge yet）公司。
4.John Morgan of Wayzata,Minnesota,won the wallet with a $210,000 bid. Morgan was born and raised in Omaha in an areathat was served by Girls Inc. Reports said Morgan would share the stock's name with people who gave $1,000 or more to Girls Inc.,whose board (偏意: n. 董事会,委员会) is headed by Buffett's daughter,Susie,who came up withthe auction idea. So what's her next auction item proposal? Buffett told the OmahaWorld-Herald (December 2,1999): \can't talk to her anymore. I've got to watch it. It may be my underwear next time.\
4.明尼苏达州威扎塔的约翰·摩根出价21万美元竞得那个钱包。摩根生于(bron)奥马哈，长于(raise)奥马哈，该区域正是奥马哈女童之家为之提供服务的地区。有报道称，凡向奥马哈女童之家捐资1000美元以上者，摩根愿与之分享(share with)该股票的名字。奥马哈女童之家的负责人是巴菲特的女儿苏珊。正是苏珊想出来（come up with）这个拍卖他父亲钱包的主意。那么，接下来她打算拍卖什么呢?巴菲特对《奥马哈世界导报》(1999年12月2日)说：“我不会告诉她，我要等等看(I?ve got to watch it.)。也许下次的拍卖品是我的内衣(underware)。”
5.Morgan
is
a
successful
businessman
who
co-founded
an
equipment-leasingcompany,took Winthrop Resources public and in 1997 sold it to Minneapolis-based TCF Financial Corp. Morgan and two partners sold the business for $325 million. Each of the three partnersreceived about $60 million. In January,1999 the three -39-
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记
partners formed Rush River Group to invest in over-the-counter stocks. Rush River has a stake in Grow Biz and Morgan is now the CEO of Grow Biz which owns a large number ofretail stores.(stock n. 公债; 股份; 股票stake n. 股份, 利害关系)
5.摩根是一位成功的商人，他与人合伙创办了温斯罗普资源公司，从事设备租赁业务(equipment-leasing company)，然后又设法使之上市(take … public)。后于1997年将它出售给总部设在明尼阿波丽斯市的TCF金融公司，售价(sell for)为3.25亿美元，三个合伙人每人分得(receive)大约6000万美元。1999年1月，这三人又合伙成立(form)拉什河集团，投资于场外交易市场的股票(to invest in over-the-counter stocks)。拉什河集团在罗比兹公司拥有股份，该公司旗下有大量零售商店（a large number of retail stores）。摩根现任其首席执行官。
6.Morgan,the first graduate from high school in his family,was told by his guidance counselorthat he should be a bricklayer. Instead he worked his way through college. After Morgan won the wallet,Buffett took him to dinner. (I met Morgan at Berkshire's Annual Meeting festivities in 2000 and offered to sell him my wallet. He didn't express the slightest interest.) 6.摩根是他们家的第一位高中毕业生，高中就业指导曾建议他当一名砖瓦匠，可是，他却设法完成了大学学业(work one's way through从头到尾做)。摩根竞买钱包成功后，巴菲特同他共进晚餐。(2000年伯克希尔的股东年会上，我遇到了摩根，我提出把我的钱包卖给他，他却一丁点儿兴趣都没有。)
7.The secret stock tip of First Industrial Realty Trust,a Chicago based REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust) that owns warehouses and distribution facilities was revealed in a Wall Street Journal story (December 17,1999). (There was a report in 2001 that Buffett had sold his stake by then.) Fred Henry,a 40-year-old well-diggerin Oakland,Iowa,who contributed to Girls Inc. and received the tip from Morganconfirmed the name of the stock to the Journal. How often do well-diggers source(偏意：vt.向…提供消息) the Journal about a stock tip in an old billfold? 7.《华尔街日报》的一篇报道(1999年12月17日)披露出(reveal)钱包里的秘密股票信息。第一工业房地产信托公司是一家总部设在芝加哥的房地产投资信托公司，拥有众多仓库（wearhouses）
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