阅读理解(四) 环境的力量+骨骼再生+拯救蜜蜂
A [2019·朝阳一模]
Flowers bloom(开花) only if they are planted in rich soil(土壤). We are similarly influenced by our environment. When our environment is bad, we may get sick physically or mentally. When our environment is supportive, we are more likely to thrive.
Which factor(因素) of the environment influences us most? The answer is surprising. It’s not the air we breathe every minute, nor the water we drink every hour; it’s the people who we relate to every day. Every day we have connections with a lot of people in different situations. Some bring us happiness and provide us with loving support. Others bring us down and make us feel worthless.
I have no doubt that one of the main keys to success is the people we know. It’s nice to have people in your life who encourage you to better yourself, and who support you in your effort to make yourself a better person. People whose hearts are big enough to be happy for your success, rather than those who are so proud that they always want to compete with you for success. People who see the potential(潜力) in you, even when you can’t see it in yourself. These are the people who you should have on your team and in your life.
So if you really long for success, look back at the people who come in and out of your life. Are most of the people you know supportive or unsupportive? When people around you aren’t supportive, what kind of person do you become? Do you become shy, fearful, hateful and unhappy? When you connect with those who are supportive, what happens to you? Do you become open, lively, happy, strong and brave?
Taylor loves music, and her dream is to become a singer one day. Whenever she talks about her big dream, none of her friends ever give her a fist bump(碰拳) to encourage her. Taylor always complains that her friends are not supportive enough but walking away from them leaves her in loneliness. She has no better choice but to keep hanging out with them. However, the more time she spends with them, the worse she feels about herself.
We can all make a mindful decision about the environment around us. Relate more to those who make you happy being “you”, or who support you in being “you”. If you have to be around those who aren’t supportive, then simply accept them as they are, without going after them for more than what they can provide to you.
After all, each person has a seed(种子) in them to be the beautiful and awesome person they
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want to be. All they’re waiting for is that supportive soil to allow them to fully bloom. 1.The word “thrive” in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ”. ( ) A.develop and grow B.judge and warn C.mind and care D.fail and fear
2.The writer mentions the five questions in Paragraph 4 to show that . ( ) A.some people always support what we do, some don’t B.we are included in a certain circle of friends C.some people give us a sense of success D.we are influenced by people around us
3.According to the passage, what could probably help make Taylor’s dream come true? A.She needs to get a fist bump from her friends. B.She needs to keep hanging out with her friends. C.She needs to walk away from her unsupportive friends.
D.She needs to continue talking about her dream with her friends. 4.What does the passage mainly talk about? ( ) A.Saying no to unsupportive people. B.Letting the seed in you bloom. C.People around you could shape you. D.Influence of natural environment.
B [2019·海淀一模]
You’re not the same person you were as a child. You’re not even the same person you were five years ago. We don’t just mean your personality. While we’d love to start a never-ending discussion over the “true self”, we’re here to talk about the cells(细胞) in your body.
Do you know how your fingernails and hair are constantly growing and replacing themselves? The same thing happens almost everywhere in your body. Your outer layer of skin makes way for fresher skin, and inside your veins(血管), blood cells turn over to make way for fresh blood. It’s probably no surprise that these types of cells are short-lived, even some of the most seemingly permanent(永久的) parts of your body replace themselves over time—including your bones.
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( )
Strong as your bones might seem, the cells they’re made of won’t last a lifetime. Bones are masters at rebuilding themselves, which is why most broken bones can heal on their own into the right shape.
Bones have special cells called osteoclasts(破骨细胞) whose job is to break down bone, even if it isn’t broken, and send the minerals into the blood stream. This may sound frighteningly like your bones are wearing away, but your body knows what it’s doing. As osteoclasts break down bone, osteoblasts(成骨细胞) build up new bone to replace the old. By the end of each year, about 10 percent of your entire adult skeleton will have been rebuilt through this process.
If 10 percent of your bone breaks down every year, it must take about ten years to renew 100 percent of your skeleton. That would be a great guess, and it lines up nicely with the medical myth that the human body’s cells are fully replaced every seven years, but the body is a bit more complex. That 10 percent is just an average—some bone grows faster than that, and some grows slower. While some parts of your bone will turn over quickly, other parts will stick around for decades. In fact, most bone cells could live as long as 50 years.
So before you get wrapped up in an identity crisis(危机) about the cells in your body disappearing on you, know that you can lose some hair and you can cut your nails, but the bones of you aren’t going anywhere—at least not very soon and not all at once. 5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ( ) A.All the cells in our body are the same ones that we were born with. B.Our blood cells are constantly growing and replacing themselves. C.It must take about 10 years to rebuild 100 percent of our skeleton. D.Osteoblasts can break down skin and also rebuild it over time.
6.The underlined words “wearing away” probably mean “ ”. ( ) A.building up B.taking off C.dying out D.turning on
7.What does the passage mainly talk about? ( )
A.Our skeleton seems permanent but renews itself over time. B.It is not surprising that some cells in our body are short-lived. C.There are two types of cells in our bones: osteoclasts and osteoblasts.
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