Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
一．情态动词could 的用法
1.提出礼貌的要求 Could you please (not) do sth ?请你（做）......好吗？
用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can. 肯定回答：Yes,sure./ Yes, I can./Of course,I can./ Certainly./No problem./ With pleasure .
否定回答： Sorry , I can’t / I’m afraid I can’t. I have to …,I’m going to…(说明理由)
2.表示请求许可 Could I do a sth? 我可以做......吗？
肯定回答：Yes, you can ./ Yes ,please / Of course / Certainly./ No problem. 否定回答：Sorry , you can’t / I’m afraid you can’t.
3.could 为can的过去式，表示过去的能力。= was / were able to
Section A
1. take out the rubbish把垃圾带出去 2. do the dishes = wash the dishes 洗碗碟 3. fold your clothes折衣服 4. sweep the floor扫地 5. make your bed整理床铺
6. clean the living room打扫起居室
7. do some washing/ shopping/ cleaning洗衣服/ 购物/ 做清洁 8. go out for dinner出去吃晚饭 9. go to the movies去看电影
10. stay out late/ until nine呆到很晚/ 呆到9点钟 11. get a ride撘车
12. give sb a ride to town开车送sb到镇上 13. need to do something需要做…… 14. have to do something不得不做…… 15. help out with a few things帮助做些事情
16. at least 至少,多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至多，不超过 17. finish doing something完成做……
18. two hours of TV 两个小时的电视 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，被视作整体，谓动用单数。 19. be/ come back from shopping购物回来 20. any minute/ second/ moment now随时 21. be angry with…对……生气 22. solve the problem解决问题
23. throw down扔下，随手丢下。throw at 向…扔去（恶意）throw to …扔给 throw away 扔掉 24. the minute……/ as soon as… / the moment …一…….就……(引导时间状语从句，主将从现) 25.come over 过来 ，顺便来访
26. take the dog for a walk= take a walk with … 遛狗 27. reply angrily生气地回答
28. all the time一直 all day一整天 all evening整晚 29. shout back吼回去 talk back 顶嘴
30 neither / nor +助动词/be动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人也不”
neither两者都不 neither …nor… 既不…也不…(就近原则) neither of us我们两个都不 31 in surprise惊讶地
32 find +宾语+ adj / n. / prep 短语 find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事
find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很……◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 33. share the housework分担家务 share sth with sb .和某人分享某物 34. hang out with sb 和某人一起闲逛 hang up 把......悬挂/挂起 35. pass sb sth= pass sth to sb把某物递给某人 Pass on 传递 36. borrow s from sb 从某人那里借某物
37. lend sth to sb = lend sb sth 把某物借给某人 keep……for +一段时间：借…一段时间 38. hate to do / doing sth讨厌做……
39.try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 try on 试穿 try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
40. while conj. “在……期间； 当……的时候” While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词.(进行时)
Section B
1.invite v → invitation n邀请 (1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事 (2) invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地 2. enough stress from school来自于学校的足够的压力 under the stress of …在…的压力之下 3. a waste of time浪费时间 waste v “浪费” waste time/money on sth / (in) doing sth 在。。。浪费时间/金钱 4. 人：spend…… on sth 人：pay ……for sth 物 ：sth cost sb +金钱 (in) doing sth It takes sb +时间 to do sth. 5. in order (not) to do sth为了做…… 6. get into a good university进入好大学
7. there is no need for sb to do sth 对于某人来说没必要做……
8.provide sth. for sb.= provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物（为应急等做好准备而“提 供； 供给” ）
offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer to do sth 主动提出干某事 Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 定期 “ 供应 ” , 强调替代或补充所需物品 9. depend on …依靠……依赖，由…而决定
10. develop children’s independence 养成孩子的独立（习惯）→development → developed / developing 11. the idea of fairness公平意识
12. have no idea = don’t know 不知道 13. fall ill生病
14. grades drop成绩下降
15. as a result因此，结果 as a result of …由于……作为……的结果
16. It’s fair/ unfair for sb to do sth 对于某人来说，做……是（不）公平的。 17. get something to drink买饮料 18. be careful with… 小心对待…… 19. a few other things另处几件事
20.Do one’s part (in) doing sth .尽自己的职责做某事 21.the earlier...the better…越早……越好…….
【模拟试题】
一、英汉互译。
1. play with ___________ 2. have a test ___________ 3. do chores ___________ 4. take out ___________ 5. make the bed ___________ 6. sweep the floor ___________ 7. 从……借___________ 8. 遛狗___________ 9. 生气___________ 10. 照顾___________
11. 邀请某人到……___________ 12. 忙于/从事___________ 13. 洗餐具___________ 14. 做饭___________ 二、根据要求答题。
1. Could you help me clean the living room? （作肯定回答） _____________, ____________________. 2. Thanks for taking care of my dog. （变同义句） _________________ for ________________ my dog. 3. Remember to clean the bed. （改为同义句） ________ ________ to clean the door. 4. Can you lend your pen to me? （改为同义句） Can ________ ________ your pen? 5. I like to wash the plates because it’s relaxing. （就划线部分提问） ________ ________ you ________ to wash the plates? 三、用could, can, may, must, needn’t填空。
1. A: ________ you answer the question in English? B: Sorry, I ________. ________ I answer it in English?
A: No, you ________. You ________ answer it in Chinese.
2. A: ________ I ask a question? B: Yes, you ________. But you ________ wait, a minute. 3.A: ________ I use your eraser, Bill?
B: Sorry. I don’t have one. Ask Mary. She _________ have one. 4. A: ________ you help me do the shopping. B: OK, Sure.
5. A: ________ you sweep the floor? B: But I ________ finish my homework first. 四、单项填空。
1. —What a dirty room! You shouldn’t throw your waste things everywhere. -Oh, I am sorry, I am going to ________ and put them in the waste box. A. fold my clothes B. take out the trash C. watch TV 2. —Could you please go to the movies with me tonight? —Sorry, my mother is ill in bed, and I have to ______ her. A. take care of B. take a walk with C. take over
3. Don’t _________ the dog. it’s dangerous, it’ll bite you. A. play with B. play C. play for
4. —Jim, come out. Let’s go to play football. —Sorry. I’m _______ a maths problem. A. working out B. working on C. working for 5. —Mum, Could I go shopping with you?
—Yes, ________ But you have to finish your homework first. A. you can B. you could C. you can’t
6. My mother often ________ my little sister _________ of the house and plays with her in the garden. A. take…out B. takes…out C. takes … to
7. I _________ doing the dishes because it’s boring. A. hates B. hate C. like
8. I _________ some money from him, but I’ll _______ it to him in a few days. A. borrow, return B. lend, borrow C. borrow, keep 9. ________ the young trees is our duty.
A. Taking good care of B. Take good care of C. Takes good care of
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