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前 元 音单元音12元音 个 (20(3个) 个) 合口双元音双元(5个) 音8集中双元音个 (3个) 清 辅 音辅音 (11个) (28浊 辅 音个) (17个) 中 元 音(4个) 后 元 音(5个) [i:] [i] [e] [?] [ɑ:] [?:] [?] [u:] [u] [?] [?:] [?] [ei] [?u] [ai] [au] [?i] [i?] [u?] [??] [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [?] [t?] [tr] [ts] [h] [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [e] [?] [d?] [dr] [dz] [l] [m] [n] [?] [j] [w] [r] 初一英语(上) 冠词的用法 知识讲解 I、冠词的分类 冠词可以分为不定冠词（a/an）、定冠词（the）和零冠词（不用冠词）。 II、冠词的用法 一、不定冠词的用法 不定冠词a (an)表示的意思是“一个”。a用于辅音音素开头的词前；而an则用于元音音素开头的词前。 例如：The little boy eats an apple, and the little girl eats a banana. 1．用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示“一”。 1
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There is an apple on the plate. 2．表示一类人或物。
A tiger is a dangerous animal. 3．第一次提到某人或某物。
This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 4. 在一些固定搭配中
a lot of/ a little/ a few/ a pair of/ a set of 等 二、定冠词的用法
定冠词（the）是 this/these/that/those的总称，放在名词前，表示特定的事物或人。
1. 第二次提到某人或某物，用定冠词the
Look! There is a ball under the table. The ball is mine. 2. 用于指说话双方都知道的事物或人。 Would you mind closing the window? 3. 放在序数词前。
Monday is the second day of the week. 4. 放在形容词最高级前。
He is the tallest boy in our class. 5. 表示世上独一无二的事物。 The earth goes around the sun.
6. 定冠词放在姓氏复数前，表示“??一家”。 The Greens are from Australia. 7. 定冠词后接单数名词表示一类人或物。 The dog is a kind of cute animal.
8. 定冠词和形容词连用，也可以代表某类人或物。 the poor the bad the rich the good 9. 演奏某项乐器时，乐器前需加the。如：
play the drums/play the piano/ play the violin 10. 在一些固定搭配中。如：
in the morning in the afternoon 在下午
in the evening 在晚上 all the year round 一年到头
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三、零冠词的用法
1. 复数名词前不加冠词可以表示一类人和事物 Noodles are my favorite. 2. 洲、国家、城市前不用冠词 We live in Asia.
3．不可数名词表示一类一般不用冠词。 Would you like to drink water?
4. 在季节、月份、星期、节日、日期、等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词； It is very cold in winter in Beijing. 5. 在姓名前不加冠词。 She is Mrs. Henry Black.
6. 在一天三餐、表示球类运动名词前不用冠词。 After we have lunch, we will play football. 7. 在固定搭配中,名词前不需要用冠词。如：
go to school go to bed sit at table stay in bed
练习题 一、单项选择。
1. He often has ________ egg and some milk for breakfast. A. / B. a C. the D. an 2. ---What’s the trouble with Lingling?
---She doesn’t go to________ school and stay in _____bed now. A. a; / B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a 3. ---Do you have _______ dictionary?
---No, but Lucy has ______ new dictionary on the bookshelf. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 4. _______ earth is round.
A. A B. An C. The D. / 5. There is _______ “L” in the word “LUCK”. A. a B. the C. an D. / 6. I hope you have ______ happy day today. A. a B. an C. the D. /
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7. _______ Whites are having dinner together. A. A B. The C. An D. /
8. There is _______ orange and some pineapples（菠萝） in the basket. A. the B. / C. a D. an
9. Lisa has _______ hat. ______ hat is very beautiful. A. a; A B. an; A C. a; The D. an; /
10. I’m watching_______ movie. It is about_______ interesting love story.
A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an
二. 句子改错。每句中有一个错误，请改正。
1. July is a seventh month of the year. 2. We wait here for half a hour.
3. Students often play the football after school. 4. It’s an European wolf.
5. They often have a supper in a restaurant. 6. Smiths are talking happily. 7. Are you from the America? 8. Panda live in China.
9. On the Sunday we don’t go to school. 10. Do you know richest man in the village?
( )1.There___ not ____ milk in the cup on the table . A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much ( )2.How many ___ are there in the room ? A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper ( )3.There _____ a film tomorrow evening． A．will have B．have C．is going to be D．has
( )4.There's going to ____ in tomorrow's newspapers. A. have something new B. have new something C. be something new D. be new something
( )5. There ____ something wrong with our classroom.
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A. are B. has C. is D. have
从括号内选择正确的代词填空
1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _________(they，them，their，theirs) away.
2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _________(she， her，hers).
3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_________ can’t get my kite. Could you help _________(I，me，my，mine)?
4. Tom can’t get down from the tree. Can you help _________(he，him，his)? 5. These are _________(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _________(I，me，mine).
6. We can’t find our bikes. Can you help _________(we，us，our，ours)?
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