2019年北京市中考英语试题及参考答案与解析
（满分60分，考试时间90分钟）
知识运用（共14分）
一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项． 1．Mr．Wang is coming to our school．I can't wait to see ．（ ）
A．her B．him C．it D．them
2．We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（ ）
A．on B．to C．in D．of 3．- Excuse me， is this T-shirt？ - It's 88 yuan．（ ）
A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how old 4．- Lily， you finish the letter in ten minutes？ - Yes，I can．（ ）
A．must B．should C．need D．can
5．This cap is nice， it doesn't look good on me．（ ）
A．for B．so C．but D．or
6．Julie takes good care of the family dog．She is than her brother．（ ）
A．patient B．more patient C．most patient D．the most patient 7．Sam with his friends every weekend．（ ）
A．skates B．is skating C．has skated D．was skating 8．- Tom，what's your dad doing？
- He my bike．（ ）
A．repairs B．will repair C．has repaired D．is repairing
9．Our school life a lot since 2017．We have more activities now．（ ）
A．changes B．changed C．will change D．has changed
10．If you want to visit the Palace Museum，I tickets for you tomorrow．（ A．will book B．booked C．have booked D．was booking 11．My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（ ）
A．accepts B．accepted C．was accepted D．is accepted 12．- Did you notice in her office？
- Yes．She was going over our writing．（ ）
A．what was Miss Lin doing B．what Miss Lin was doing C．what does Miss Lin do D．what Miss Lin does
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）
二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．
Run for Class President
Two months ago，when our class election（选举） started，I decided to run for class president．I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people，so I felt it easy to win．But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost． I was busy preparing in the following week．My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't 14 but to show my class why I wanted to be president．I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom．I also spent three hours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever
they had a problem．Since I was 15 prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong． However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应） wasn't what I had 16 ．Few people actually listened．When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn，everyone was screaming his name．His speech was short，but all to the point．By then，I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer．
It was obvious who would 17 ．For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over．I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through． My 18 was right： I didn't win．
The next day，people were still talking about the election．I just pretended （假装） not to hear．But later，things got better．People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before． I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect．And moments of failure like this build 20 -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．
13．A．bored B．afraid C．excited D．hopeful 14．A．compare B．remember C．manage D．repeat 15．A．fully B．quickly C．freshly D．physically 16．A．feared B．faced C．mentioned D．pictured 17．A．insist B．return C．wait D．win 18．A．suggestion B．prediction C．direction D．introduction 19．A．forgot B．wrote C．cared D．discussed 20．A．trust B．pride C．character D．support
阅读理解（共36分）
三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共26分，每小题2分）
A
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Experiencing China
Mike，Canada I spent three months with my host family（接待家庭） in China．It was a lifetime experience．I was able to experience Chinese living and culture，from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera．I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital．Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture． Joanna，Australia I stayed with my host family for five months．My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted．With her help，my Chinese has improved a lot．And I have got used to a new culture．My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her． Bill，America My host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes．They are tasty and I like them very much．Just like me，my host parents love to learn about different cultures．They often ask me questions about life in America． Cindy，Germany Recently I took part in a program to study Chinese．I lived with a host family in China for six months．My host sister is a really hardworking student．It was amazing to see how she made progress in English．And a close relationship has developed between us． 21．Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？（ ）
A．Mike． B．Joanna． C．Bill． D．Cindy． 22．How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？（ ）
A．Three months． B．Four months． C．Five months． D．Six months． 23．Cindy thinks her host sister is ．（ ）
A．a wonderful cook B．a responsible doctor C．a warm-hearted teacher D．a hardworking student
B Blue Lightning
Sally loved cars more than anything else．This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．So she asked her dad for help．
\，\．\： you do some research first and then come back to me with a design．\
A week later，Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad．She named her go-kart \Lightning\．Dad looked over her work，thinking．\，that's interesting，\．\．Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．\
Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．Sally agreed．After she did that，Sally drove back to Dad．\，\．\．\
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\，do you？\．\．\
\，there was a lot of push back，\．\（闪电） shape．\ \．
\，why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？\Sally asked．Dad laughed．\？ If you give a man a fish，he'll eat for a day．But if you teach a man to fish，he'll eat for a lifetime．\
Sally said，\．Anyway，designing is half the fun !\
Dad smiled．\．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．\
That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder．When she showed Dad her new go-kart，he nodded with pride．
Finally came the race．Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind，she had already won，by building something better than ever before．
24．Sally thought of building a go-kart to ．（ ）
A．practice driving B．enter for a race C．play with friends D．do some research 25．What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart？（ ）
A．To have a test drive． B．To take a good rest． C．To give it a cool name． D．To paint it light blue． 26．Sally's story mainly tells us that ．（ ）
A．winning a race is important B．fishing brings us a lot of fun C．driving experience is necessary D．learning happens during the process
C
Sometimes it seems that time is flying．Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way．Our experience of time can be possibly changed．By understanding the psychological （心理学的） processes behind our different experiences of time，we might be able to slow down time a little．
One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触） to new environments and experiences．The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process．The more information our minds take in，the slower time seems to pass．
It follows，then，that we have different experiences of time in different situations．In some situations，our life is full of new experiences．Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down．In other situations，we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar（熟悉的）．We become insensitive to our experience，which means we process less information，and time seems to speed up．
How can we slow down time？ Here are two suggestions．
Firstly，since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster，we can expose ourselves to as many
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new experiences as possible．We can give ourselves new challenges，meet new people，and expose our minds to new information，hobbies and skills．This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加） our experience of time．
Secondly，and perhaps most effectively，we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing，feeling，tasting，smelling or hearing．This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts．For example，on the way home，focus your attention outside of yourself，instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with．Look at the sky，or at the buildings you pass，traveling among them．This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect．
To a certain degree，we can understand and control our experience of time passing．It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time．
27．According to the writer，we can expand our experience of time by ．（ ）
A．going to bed on time B．traveling to new places C．having dinner as usual D．printing the same materials 28．What can we learn from the passage？（ ）
A．Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information． B．Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly． C．We can take in more information by living through our senses． D．We should build a stronger relationship between time and us． 29．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？（ ）
A．Slow Down Time B．Only Time Will Tell C．Race Against Time D．Time Will Not Come Twice
D
How Much Can We Afford to Forget？
In 2018，Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students．Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities．As the Internet grows more powerful，students can access （获得） knowledge easily．Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads？
Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary．In the Agricultural（农业的）Age，a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills．When societies industrialized，the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget．Nowadays，smart machines give us access to most human knowledge．It seems that we no longer need to remember most things．Does it matter？
Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen．For one，human beings have biases（偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases．Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the process，human beings still decide on the correct answers．
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