Unit 1 What’s the matter?
1. 短语归纳
① have a cold/ fever/ stomachache… 感冒、发烧、胃疼…… ② lie down 躺下 ③ too much 太多 ④ get an X-ray 拍片 ⑤ take one’s temperature量体温 ⑥ sound like 听起来像…… ⑦ take breaks (take a break) 休息 ⑧ go to a doctor 看医生 ⑨ get off 下车 ⑩ on the side of… 在……边上 11 have a heart problem 患心脏病 12 wait for 等待 13 to one’s surprise 使……惊讶的；出乎意料 14 thanks to 多亏；由于 15 in time 及时 16 think about 考虑，认为 17 right away 立刻，马上 18 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 19 fall down 摔倒 20 a few 几个，一些 21 have problems breathing 呼吸困难 22 get sunburned 晒伤 23 look up 查阅 24 be interested in… 对……感兴趣 25 be used to doing… 习惯于做某事 26 take risks (take a risk) 冒险 27 lose one’s life 丧生 28 became of 因为 29 run out (of) 用尽，耗尽 30 be ready to do sth. 准备做某事 31 cut off 切除 32 climb down 爬下 33 get out of 离开；从……出来 34 tell of 讲述 35 the importance of (doing sth.) （做某事的）重要性 36 be in control of 掌管，管理 37 make a decision 做决定 38 keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 39 give up 放弃 40 cut/ hurt oneself 使自己受伤
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2. 典句必背
① What’s the matter? ② I have a stomachache. ③ What should I do? ④ Should I take my temperature? ⑤ I think you should lie down and rest. ⑥ If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. ⑦ His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
3. 用法集萃
(1) 当别人心情不好，身体不适或遇到麻烦时，我们可以用如下表达表示关心： ? What’s the matter? ? What’s the matter with you? ? What’s wrong with …? ? What’s the trouble\\problem with …?
(2) 英语中常用have描述身体的不适，此时have意为“患有”，常用结构： ① have a + 疾病
例：have a cold 感冒；have a fever 发烧；have a cough 咳嗽 ② have a + 身体部位-ache
例：have a headache 头痛；have a toothache 牙痛 ③ have a sore + 身体部位
例：have a sore throat 咽喉痛；have a sore back 背痛 (3) lie down躺下；tell lies/a lie 说谎
含义 躺；平躺
过去式 lay 过去分词 lain 2
位于 撒谎；说谎 (4) maybe & may be
① maybe，“或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。例：Maybe you are right. ② may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。
例：He may be angry. (5) sound like & sound ① sound like+名词/代词/从句
例：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. ② sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，例：The music sounds nice. (6) …when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. ……
这时司机看到意为老人躺在路边。
① see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”，强调看到的动作正在进行；
② see sb. do sth. “看见某人做了某事”，强调看见动作的全过程或看见动作经常发生。 例：I can see some children playing games. 我能看见一些孩子在玩游戏。
I saw him repair his bike. 我看见他修了他的自行车。
(7) He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.
他期望大多数或所有乘客下车等下一班公交车。 ① expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 expect + that从句
hope to do sth. 或hope+ that从句
② get off下（汽车、火车等）；get on 上车；get up 起床，起来；get back 回来
get on/along 相处，进展；get into 陷入，开始参与；get to 到达 (8) But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.
但出乎他的意料，他们都同意与他一起去。
① to one’s surprise“使…惊讶的；出乎…意料”，通常放在句首，在句中可作独立的状语
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lied lied
例：To our surprise, she is the last winner. 使我们惊讶的是，她是最后的赢家。 ② surprising“令人惊讶的”，常用来形容事/物。例：This is a surprising gift.
surprised “感到惊讶的”，常用来形容人。例：The gift makes me surprised. ③ agree 同意，赞同；agree to do同意做某事；agree with sb同意某人的看法、观点 (9) Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.
多亏了王先生和乘客们，这个人及时得到了医生们的救治。
① thanks to幸亏，多亏了……；由于……的帮助=with the help of /with one’s help/because of
to是介词，后接名词/代词或相当于名词/代词的词。
例：Thanks to your help, I can pass the exam. 多亏了你的帮助，我才通过考试。 ② in time及时；on time准时
例：Luckily, he got to the bus station in time. 幸运的是，他及时赶到了公交车站.
The plane takes off on time. 飞机准时起飞。
(10) “It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble,” says one
passenger.
“因为不想惹麻烦，许多人不想帮助他人，这是令人寒心的。”一位乘客说。 ① because + 句子；because of 介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词
例：The sports meet was put off because of the bad weather. 运动会因为糟糕的天气推迟了 ② trouble n.困难；麻烦（不可数名词） v.使苦恼，打扰 ? be in trouble有困难；陷入困境 ? get into trouble陷入困境
? have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 ? have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth. 做某事有困难 ? have problems breathing呼吸困难
例：I have trouble finishing my homework. / I have trouble with my homework.
我完成家庭作业有困难。
(11) As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯了冒险。
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① be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
例：I’m used to getting up early and having a walk. 我习惯于早起散步。 ② used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（但现在不再做）
③ be used to do sth. 被用来做某事，相当于be used for doing sth.
例：Wood is used to make paper.= Wood is used for making paper. 木材被用来造纸。
(12) But when his water ran out, he know that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但当他的水
用尽时，他知道他将不得不做些事情来拯救自己的生命。
① run out“用尽，耗尽”，主语常是表示时间、金钱、食物等无生命的食物。
例：Money is running out. 钱快用光了。 ② run out of“用尽，耗尽”，主语只能是人。
例：We’re running out of money. 我们快把钱用光了。
(13) So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. 于是他用刀把右臂砍断了一半。
cut off 切除； turn off 关闭，关掉；get off 下车；take off 起飞，脱掉 put off 推迟，拖延；give off 发出，散发；set off 出发
(14) … and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.
...在我们必须做出可能意味着生或死的决定之前…
① make a decision 下决心，做决定；make a decision to do sth. 下决心做某事 ② die & dead & death die dead death 动词，“死；去世；逝世” 形容词，“死的；去世的” 名词，“死；死亡” He died last year. 他去年去世了 I cried because my dog was dead.我哭了，因为我的狗死了 She was sad for her grandfather’s death.她因为爷爷去世难过 (15) Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
阿伦在事故后并没有放弃，现在继续登山。 ① give up 放弃→ give up doing sth.
例：You mustn’t give up studying English.你一定不能放弃学习英语。
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