4 Conclusions and recommendations
False card stolen brush loss brings to the commercial Banks, cardholders Carrie's money is missing, tend to give the feeling of cardholders' money in the bank is not safe, affect the reputation of the bank, bring bank reputation risk. In the process of pursuing for unauthorized, if not solve in time, often commercial Banks must bear a lot of damage. Due to false card stolen brush is not tight to bank losses, and seriously affected the reputation of the bank. So focus on guard against the risk of false card stolen brush is the key of the bank fraud risk control. Commercial bank credit card business is strengthening risk prevention. To do the following: to strengthen the education of the cardholder and prevent unauthorized knowledge propaganda, tip card holders do not use the card to the others, pay attention to protect the password in the daily charge without being stolen. Strengthen the bank back transaction monitoring, summarizes the characteristics of the pseudo card stolen brush, such as the combination of false card stolen brush is easy to occur before time, business category, unauthorized ongoing balance inquiry, around zero, fraud part of bank daily trading limit restrictions for unauthorized transaction monitoring rules set by the characteristics. When the transaction behavior, identity card and cardholders are found not to conform or high transaction should contact the cardholder to confirm authenticity, to confirm that the cardholder to authorize the transaction after I deal correct. Effectively raise Banks to prevent false card stolen brush ability of risk prevention and control. Magnetic stripe card renewal work done as soon as possible because the bank magnetic stripe card refers to magnetic materials for storage medium, such as bank account information recorded in the magnetic stripe CARDS, magnetic stripe card is easy to be copied to the bank money loss, therefore at present a lot of Banks have begun to bank card renewal work, with good safety performance of financial IC card instead of bank magnetic stripe card. In addition, improve the incentive mechanism construction of risk management, on the basis of regular and irregular in the risk assessment results, good for the risk assessment results, comprehensive risk management framework construction perfect mechanism, through the authorization for adjustment, performance ratings, priority support to start new
business delegation, adjustment factors of business innovation, management, can be appropriately in the human resources and cost allocation give policy tilt, can give points in performance appraisal review. For risk management body have made outstanding contributions or reduce loss of major risk events offer certain material and spiritual reward employees, and on the personal career advancement channels give sufficient consideration; For all kinds of risk management talents, external training, qualification certification, access to exchange offer certain aspects such as policy tilt, and on the personal career advancement channels will be given full consideration. For all kinds of risk management talents, external training, qualification certification, access to exchange offer certain aspects such as policy tilt, and on the personal career advancement channels will be given full consideration. 译文
商业银行信用卡风险管理研究
Nicely E
摘要
商业银行信用卡业务风险管理广义上讲是指在商业银行信用卡业务经营中，因各种不利因素而导致的发卡机构、持卡人、特约商户等损失的可能性。信用卡风险指因信用卡是无抵押的纯信用贷款，而且授信额度不高、客户个体多，单笔金额小等特点，导致发卡机构损失的可能性。通过对商业银行做好信用卡风险管理工作提出了建议和意见，并注重对商业银行建立完善的风险管理体制，制度，业务处理流程等方面的研究，并提出商业银行在建立信用卡业务的管理架构、规章、制度的同时，要注重对各类风险的识别、计量、评估及做好风险损失计提等工作，在人员管理上，要注重建立风险奖惩机制，注重对从业人员的正面激励。 关键词：信用卡；风险管理；激励机制 1 引言
信用卡指银行向个人和单位发行的，具有购物、消费和存取现金等功能的银行卡片。其显著特征是银行授予客户一定的信用额度，客户可以享受先刷卡后还款的特权，其形式是一张正面印有发卡银行名称、有效期、卡号、卡种、持卡人姓名等内容，背面有磁条、签名条等信息的银行卡片。我们现在所说的信用卡，
一般单指贷记卡。信用卡风险指银行信用卡持卡人因各种原因未能及时足额偿还银行债务而造成违约的可能性，发生违约时，银行会因为持卡人不能及时偿付而造成银行资金损失。信用卡主要风险包括欺诈风险、信用风险、操作风险等。信用卡风险管理指对在信用卡经营过程中，对可能存在的包括欺诈风险、信用风险、操作风险等在内的各类风险进行管理与控制已达到降低损失的可能性及 损失程度的经营管理活动。 2 文献综述
风险管理的概念自上个世纪 30 年代开始产生，经过近 40 年的发展才开始形成体系，逐渐被人们开始重视和认知，形成一门新的管理学科。风险的概念主要源于保险业，保险对于风险的定义为损失的不确定性。1964 年，美国的《风险管理与保险》中对风险做出了定义：书中指出通过对风险的识别，评估、和控制达到用最小的成本使风险损失最小化的一种管理方法。1976 年，八格里尼在他的著作《国际企业的风险管理》中指出，保护企业的财务稳定型，减少风险事件造成的损失是企业风险管理的主要目标。1975 年，风险管理和保险管理协会成立，各国学者通过谈论确定了包括风险管理一般原则，风险识别及计量、风险控制等准则。这些准则的确立，标志着在世界范围内，风险管理理论有了初步的发展，管理框架已经搭建。也标志着风险管理进入了新的阶段。2004 年 7 月《新巴塞尔协议》出台对商业银行提出了新的风险管理要求，他充分考虑了银行面临的包括市场风险、流动性风险、信用风险和操作风险在内的多种风险提供对风险的识别，计量的标准，使风险管理工作更能准确定量计量。2004 年，美国 COSO委员会颁布了《企业风险管理整合框架》，提出了由对企业的内控转化为以风险控制为主要导向的管理思路。提出了全面风险管理的概念，包括内部环境、目标设定、时间识别、风险评估、风险对策、控制活动、信息和交流等八个方面。美国的工程师 bill fair 和Earl 共同研究和开发了 FICO 信用评分模型，至今美国决大多数发卡机构也一直在沿用此模型。此模型给出了满分900 分的信用评分体系，根据借款人的历史信用情况及与其他借款人的数据进行比对，给出此借款人未来信用情况的走势。 3 信用卡风险现状
3.1 信用卡套现（完整译文请到百度文库）
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