英 语 十 六 种 时 态 归 纳 表 时态名称 定 义 时间状语 结 构 一般疑问句 1.把动词be放于句首。 2.用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时还原为动词原形。 否定句形式 例句 1、一般现在时 often,usually,always, sometimes, 1.be动词 经常、反复发生的动作或every day(week,month), 2.行为动词 行为及现在的某种状况。 once a week, 主语+be+其他 on Mondays, etc. 陈述句：I am an office worker. 否定句：They are not in the office. 1.am/is/are+not 一般疑问句：Are you an officeassistant?
2.此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则Is she beautiful? 在其前加don’t；若主语为第三人称单陈述句：I work in Shanghai. 数，则用doesn’t，同时还原行为动词。 否定句: I don’t like the food in KFC. 一般疑问句:Do you want a cup of coffee? 陈述句：He is doing the housework at home now. 否定句:He is not playing toys. 一般疑问句:Are you having dinner at home? 特殊疑问句:What are you doing now? 2、现在进行时 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作或状态。 now, at this time, these days, etc. 主语+am/ is/are +doing 把be动词放在句首。 主语+am/ is/ are +not +doing 3、一般过去时 过去某个时间里发生的ago, yesterday, last week(month, 1. was/were 动作或状态； 过去习惯year…), in 2000, just now, one day, 2.行为动词过去式 性、经常性的动作、行为。 long long ago, etc. 1.把was或 were放于句首。 2.用助动词did提问，同时还原为动词原形。 陈述句：We were in Beijing last year. 否定句: We were not at work yesterday. 1.主语+was/were+ not 一般疑问句: Was she in the office last week? 2.在行为动词前加do在其前加didn’t，陈述句：He lived in Hong Kong last year. 同时还原行为动词。 否定句: I didn’t work here last year. 一般疑问句: Did you go to America ? 陈述句：I was doing my homework at that time. 否定句:He was not sleeping at 11 o’clock lastnight. 一般疑问句: Were you watching TV at that time? 特殊疑问句: What were you doing at that moment? 陈述句：He has lived here for nearly 10 years. 否定句:I haven’t finished my homework.. 一般疑问句: Has he worked here since he came here? 特殊疑问句: How long have you worked in thiscompany? 4、过去进行时 表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作或行为。 at this time yesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 主语+was/ were+ doing 把was或were放在句首。 主语+was/ were+ not+ doing 5、现在完成时 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的一向或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently，in the past few have/ has +done years, 等，及由for或since引导的时间状语。 把have或has放在句首。 have/ has +not+ done
6、一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 tomorrow， tomorrow morning/afternoon, 1. be going to +do the day after tomorrow ， 2. will ／shall＋do next Sunday/week/year/month， soon, in a few days minutes, etc 1.be放在句首。2.will/shall提到句首。 1.be going to＋not+ do 2.will／shall＋not+ do 陈述句I will fly to KongKong tomorrow. 否定句: We will not buy a car next year. 一般疑问句: Will they live a five-star hotel? 陈述句I’m going to go to Kongkong by air. 否定句:We are not going to buy a house here. 一般疑问句:Are they going to change their jobs? 特殊疑问句:How are you going to tell him? 陈述句：They told us they had finished the work. 否定句:She hadn’t had dinner before she went out. 一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she movedhere? 特殊疑问句:how many English words had he learnt by theend of last year? 陈述句：I was going to buy a computer. They told me that they were not going to goabroad. 否定句:I was not going to buy a computer. 7、过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或情况。表示“过去的过去” by, before等构成的过去时间短语连用或用于when, before, until等had+ done 引导的从句中。由said, asked, told, thought等引导的宾语从句中， had放于句首。 had+ not+ done 8、过去将来时 表示在过去的某个时候看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。 The next day(morning, year), the 1.would+do following month (week),etc. 2.was/ were going to +do 1.would 提到句首。 2.was 或were放于句首。 1.would+not+do 2.was/were +not+ going to +do 9、一般过去将来时 立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中 The next day(morning, Year) The following month (week) etc 1,Was/were+going to+do 2,would/should+do+其他 1,Was/were放于句首， 2,would/should提到句首 1，Was/were+not+going to+do 2，would/should+not+do 就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一段时10、过去将来进行时 间正在进行的动作，主要用于宾语从句中，多用于间接引语 Shoud/would+be+现在分词 例句：They said they would be coming He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting 11、将来完成时 在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态 By the time of,by the end of+时间短语（将来） by the time+从句（将来） 主语+be going to/will /shall+shall+have+p,p(过去分 词)+其他 例句：By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area 过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的12、过去将来完成时 动作，常用在虚拟语气中，表示与过去的事实相反 Should/would have done sth 例句：I thought you'd have left by this time He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock
从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这13、现在完成进行时 一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍然在继续，并可能延续到将来 Since+时间点， for+时间段 Hanv/has+been+doing+其他 例句：I have been sitting here for an hour The children have been watching TV since six o'clock. 14、过去完成进行时 某正在进行的动作或状态，持续到过去某个时刻，还未完成，一直持续到之后的当前才结束 特殊含义：1，尚未完成：He had been writing the novel 他已经在写小说了（他没写完） 2,企图：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb他曾今学习过这个谚语（他曾经努力学习过他） 3，未得结果：We had been studying what our enemy had said 我们一直致力于敌人所说的（但是我们没had+been+doing+其他 有理解） 4，最近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。（最近） 5，反复动作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题（屡次） 6，情绪：What had he been doing?他做了什么（不耐烦） 例句：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam Had they been expecting the news for some time? 15、将来完成时 表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去，要视上下文而定。 Shall/will have been doing 例句：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year 表示从过去某时看至未16、过去将来完成时 来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。 Should/would+have+been+现在分词 例句：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.
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