Unit 1 Art
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共两小节，第一节15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
The majority of the world’s most powerful and influential positions remain in men's hands. But the imbalance is gradually tilting -- and it shows. In 2015, some of the biggest news and successes resulted from the actions of women. Here are the new faces who inspired, guided or moved the world.
Loretta Lynch
Traditionally, the top U.S. law-enforcement official is not well-known outside of the United States, but Attorney General Loretta Lynch not only made headlines around the world, she also brought a particular kind of change that billions of people had hoped for but thought was out of reach.
Lynch surprised the world by taking on the entrenched(根深蒂固的), corrupt officials of FIFA, the governing body of the world's most popular sport, soccer. She had the bravery to do what nobody else had dared. FIFA officials, she declared, had engaged in \猛烈的), systematic and deep-rooted\corruption, and it was time to \
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
When Ebola took on alarming proportions in West Africa, it was tough for Liberia, one of the centers of the crisis.
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, the leader of Liberia, pleaded for international help. One reason the world responded is because the unbeatable President has international moral status. She played a key role in guiding her country after cruel civil wars and received the Nobel Peace Prize for her effort.
Johnson Sirleaf not only helped bring an end to the epidemic, she did something just as remarkable: She revealed her emotions and admitted her faults. When it was all over she said she had been afraid, and admitted she had made big mistakes as a result of her fear. Then she showed gratitude. Instead of collecting honors, she thanked all the people and countries who made victory against Ebola possible.
Aung San Suu Kyi
The Burmese leader, also a Nobel Peace Prize winner, put the skeptics and the cynics(愤世嫉俗) to shame. To those who said nonviolent resistance could not defeat a vicious armed opponent, she seemed to say \
Following the footsteps of Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King , she endured a long struggle against the pitiless military rulers of Myanmar. She gained international support for economic sanctions(制裁) that helped persuade the generals to loosen their control, leading to elections in 2015 and an overwhelming victory for her National League for Democracy. She remains a global icon of peaceful resistance.
Tu Youyou
It's a tough challenge to find a single human being who may be responsible for saving as many lives. The Chinese pharmacologist Tu Youyou, one of three winners of this year's Nobel Prize for Medicine, took a different route in attacking one of the world's biggest killers, malaria.
Research into ancient Chinese texts led her to discover the compounds that help prevent a disease that still kills about half a million people every year, transmitted by mosquitoes in water-logged jungles. The discovery has resulted in medication that has saved millions of lives. 1. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. tell us that men’s status in the world was becoming less important in 2015 B. show readers the importance of several great women who were powerful in 2015 C. analyze the reasons why some great women became the 2015 biggest news D. introduce several great women and their achievements in 2015 2. Among the women mentioned above, who did not win the Nobel Prize? A. Aung San Suu Kyi. B. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf C. Loretta Lynch. D. Tu Youyou
3. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf was regarded as remarkable for the following EXCEPT_____. A. that she played a key role to end Ebola, but she didn’t owe everything to herself alone..
B. that she guided her country to win the civil wars and received the Nobel Prize.. C. that she bravely acknowledged her fear and her mistakes.
D. that she expressed her gratitude to those who fought Ebola together 4. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. some great women’s successes are shaking the men’s control of the world. B. thanks to Tu Youyou’s discovery, the patients attacked by malaria will undoubtedly be saved.
C. Aung San Suu Kyi won the victory with the guidance of Gandhi and Martin Luther King.
D. many people have dealt with the corruption of FIFA, but failed.
B
A decade ago, secondary and higher education was prized above all else. Apprenticeships (学徒工作) were viewed as an option for dropouts rather than a daring career choice. And the young men and women who didn’t fit into the school system, preferring to create start-ups and focus on making a living in the business world, were dismissed as wheeler-dealers. (投机者)
Now there’re no birds of this year in last year’s nests. Young people are being encouraged to think carefully about whether academia is right for them--- this trend has been fuelled by rising university fees and a global shortage of many skills that were passed over in schools in recent years, ranging from web development to sales. Young people are required to stay in some kind of education or training until they are 18, but this learning may now take many forms. The Government runs its own platform to help interested youths find an apprenticeship that suits their skills and ambitions.
Tom Hartley, who runs a high-end performance and classic car business based in Derbyshire, founded his first company at just 12 years old. “I had no school education,” he says. “Business was how I learned everything. I call it the Hartley University of Life.”
His business, 43 years on, turns over ￡ 200m, and sells cars to high-net-worth individuals across the globe, from Hollywood celebrities to foreign royalty. Many
years ago, Hartley was asked to explain why he had chosen to be self-educated and why he had supported his son Carl’s decision to leave school and join the family business instead.
“I got a lot of criticism at the time,” he says. “I tried to explain that you can’t teach gut feelings(直觉) on a blackboard and that school is fine if you want to be a doctor or fly a rocket to the moon but otherwise it’s all about experience in business.”
5. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 indicate?
A. The situation above has changed. B. Education is no more important nowadays.
C. Things change for the worse for dropouts. D. University fees are becoming higher and higher. 6. Which statement may the author agree with? A. Education is the only way to success. B. Education systems change from time to time. C. School dropouts could be future business stars. D. School dropouts were common among youngsters. 7. What does the author say about Tom Hartley?
A. He attaches more value to experience than to education. B. He was supported in founding his first company. C. He is well-educated and far-sighted. D. He is brave and open-minded. 8. How does the author prove his view?
A. By giving an example. B. By making a comparison. C. By analyzing cause. D. By listing figures.
C
Children should start learning Shakespeare at the age of four before they are faced with the difficulty with the language, says a study published recently.
Lessons should begin before pupils start secondary school, because many teenagers begin to dislike the plays, says the report. All pupils should also see
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